2. Further, this next tutorial walks us through graphs & GNNs in an intuitive manner, while also going quite deep into the specific mathematical terminology of the field.
4. Building further, a good educational resource from @DeepMind combines GNN theory & hands-Collab explainer & coding tutorials (JAX & Jraph). It starts off gently, but does go through several core maths concepts quite in-depth.
5. Next, this follow-up @distillpub article is less introductory that resource (1), but I still find it quite accessible. It intuitively extends the convolution concept to graphs & thoroughly explains *interactively* different types of graph convolutions. distill.pub/2021/understan…
6. If papers are your thing, this 2020 paper is a good overview. I learned a lot from it.
But don't forget: #GraphNeuralNetworks are a rapidly changing field, so being on top of recent advances is a must.
7. Now, this paper is literally the most recent GNN in biomedicine review that you could possibly find, as it came up yesterday. Is is from @marinkazitnik's lab & it also discusses lots of #genomics, s.a. single cell transcriptomics or cell interactions
If you are interested in applications of GNN to genomics or 🔥biology unraveled by #singlecell#spatial#transcriptomics, I just wrote an explainer thread about two very nice recent papers that came out last week
I need to take a small detour and just mention this. I first saw Marinka's work at the ISMB conference in 2019 in Basel, where she gave a tutorial on Learning on Graphs. Her presentation was excellent & impressed first and foremost by clarity. She made it all sound so easy.
9. Next, this is a collection of hands-on coding GNN tutorials @harvardmed to which @marinkazitnik also contributed: Machine Learning on Graphs. It's quite good for coding practice.
10. And... I kept (one of) the best for last: @jure's excellent Machine Learning on Graph Stanford lectures are available on Youtube. This is a very comprehensive resource: the material covers the basics in-depth, while also diving deep towards the end.
It’s that time of the year🎃when students are deciding if to apply for #PhDpositions👻
Even though #Academia is far from perfect:doing a #PhD is valuable.
It develops unique & important skills that will stay with you forever
These PhD skills are totally☹️not discussed enough👇
1. Ability to work interdependently🔁(independently & with others).
Doing a PhD requires individual planning, as well as collaborating and working within teams. The ability to dive really deep into both these areas *simultaneously* is one of the defining features of a PhD.
2. Self-motivation & drive
Doing a PhD can also be hard & frustrating😮💨. You'll sometimes find yourself working alone, with no clear goals on the project, and no end in sight.
Making it work somehow nurtures your ability to motivate yourself when faced with hard situations.
1.STELLAR🇺🇸 @jure: a cell type annotation & discovery atlas-type framework
2.NCEM🇪🇺 @fabian_theis: an approach to infer cellular communication patterns
Deep dive below🧵
But first, some background.
Spatial molecular biology has actually been around since the 70s. @lpachter's wonderful book-like article "Museum of Spatial Transcriptomics" comprehensively discusses history, tech & methodology advances in the past 50 years. nature.com/articles/s4159…
Nevertheless, recent advances in single cell molecular technologies (brought by e.g. @10xGenomics & @AkoyaBio) have facilitated the high-throughout profiling of (groups of) single cells in their tissue context across embryogenesis, normal tissue development & disease progression.
When interpreting #Bioinformatics results,don't cherry-pick your gene/pathway results!
Don't only discuss/analyze the specific hits that support your hypothesis
Let the data speak for what it is.
Here's hands-on advice on how to NOT overinterpret🧵
1. Filter & sort your list:
Most people use cutoffs for adjusted p-value, but few do so for effect size. While the 2 are correlated, some genes/pathways do show significant, but minuscule, changes among conditions.
‼️Don't overinterpret such changes!Nature♥️large effect sizes
2. Sort your genes/paths by effect size.
3. Do NOT cherry-pick your favorite gene, but with random rank in the list,to center your story on.
Think of it as the Olympics:you are mostly interested in top candidates. Never heard of them? Obscure hits?
Today's amazing science dives deep into the 2 strongest #cancer modulators: evolution & immune defense.
First-ever detailed temporal evolutionary trajectories for 600,000 B cell lymphoma immune cells #scRNAseq & #scTCRSeq of 32 patients during immunotherapy with 2 CAR-T drugs 🧵
First, what is chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) T cell therapy?
It is an immunotherapy in which the patient's own immune cells are genetically engineered ex-vivo to recognize, attack & kill tumor cells. Then they are infused back into the patient, ready to fight the enemy!🤺 2/13
Immunotherapies have revolutionized cancer treatment & are among the most promising future approaches.
However: response rates, even if varying across cancers, remain limited, with e.g. 50% response in lymphomas.
Why such therapies fail for the other half remains a mystery 3/13