While many hang on Powell's every word and look for every clue to try and gain an edge into where the Fed's monetary policy is headed, the #FOMC have made the equation clear: rates will stay high until #inflation is unambiguously on the way to 2%.
A 🧵
Therefore the only variable that people really should be focusing on, is inflation. While I think that inflation will fall significantly over the next year (see my most recent inflation analysis 👇), it is likely to remain elevated in 1H23.
This creates a significant problem: the chance of a SEVERE recession.
With M2 ALREADY seeing MoM declines, the latest 50bps of tightening, plus the additional tightening that the Fed has articulated (rates >5% in 2023), further increases the odds of a severe recession happening.
The risk also grows the longer that the Fed continues with its restrictive policy. Despite the many clear signs that already exist, the Fed is unlikely to be unambiguously convinced of 2% inflation until 2H23. Many more months of highly restrictive monetary policy thus lie ahead.
While the Fed can talk about keeping rates restrictive throughout ALL of 2023, the simple fact is, once inflation clearly begins moving to 2%, the Fed will cut rates - particularly as the economy is likely to simultaneously be in a recession.
This is why bond markets are choosing to not fully price in the hawkish rhetoric from the Fed - as bond investors know that lower inflation and a recession likely lie ahead.
On the other hand, equity market multiples show stock investors are focusing on the pivot, but are ignoring the economic reality that the Fed's tightening will bring - a recession, earnings declines, and investor pessimism & panic that likely temporarily hits market multiples.
• • •
Missing some Tweet in this thread? You can try to
force a refresh
November's #CPI report delivered significant further evidence that #inflation is set to see a MAJOR fall over the year ahead.
Here's the key points that you need to know: a 🧵
For the 5th straight month, the YoY rate of inflation declined, falling to 7.1% in November. The decline over the past two months has been particularly notable, with more than a full percentage point wiped off the CPI.
The significant deceleration in MoM price growth over recent months can be better seen by looking at the 3- and 6-month annualised growth rates. On a 3-month annualised basis inflation has fallen to 2.1%, and to 3.7% on a 6-month annualised basis.
US November CPI
YoY: 7.1% vs 7.3% consensus
MoM: -0.1% vs my 0.15% forecast
Despite flagging key factors that drove the lower CPI, my forecast proved conservative - is it time to get even more aggressive on my call for a MAJOR decline in inflation over the next 12 months?
A 🧵
I have called out the recent falls in durables prices that had significantly exceeded their historical Sept & Oct change. While I thus penciled in a decline of -0.4% in November (above its historical average), this proved too conservative, with durables prices falling 1% MoM!
I also flagged the potential for a significant MoM fall in food at home price growth given seasonal factors and falls in underlying food commodity prices. Though again, my forecast proved too conservative, with food at home prices recording a MoM DECLINE.
Apartment List's rental price index DECLINED for a third straight month in November. What does this mean for #inflation and the #CPI? A 🧵
While many have put recent declines down to seasonality, an analysis of prior years (Apartment List provides data back to 2017), shows that each of the past three months have seen declines in EXCESS of the historical average - a MAJOR reversal from earlier in the year.
Should this be surprising given the broader financial conditions that the Fed is currently fostering? No! The Fed's tightening is resulting in MoM DECLINES in M2! Just as the extreme surge in the money supply led to an increase in prices, its decline will see inflation fall.
Fed Chair Powell's latest speech led to a 3% rally in the S&P 500, whilst many government bond prices also rose.
After reviewing Powell's speech and the market reaction, here's my 5 key take-outs: a 🧵
1) Powell didn't outline a more aggressive terminal rate tilt.
While some Fed officials have spoken about the potential need for a much higher terminal rate, Powell avoided specifics & simply reiterated his belief that terminal rates would be higher than the FOMC's Sept ...
forecast (4.6%). The market had already been pricing this in. Despite rising long-term bond prices over the past month, Powell declined the opportunity to provide more specific detail on where he saw the terminal rate, including whether or not he believed it would need to be >5%.
October saw a major deceleration in fruit & vegetable prices as Australia's domestic food production recovers from earlier flooding.
I previously wrote a 🧵on the food price outlook in the US CPI, which you can view 👇
In a 180-degree contrast to the current situation in the US CPI, rental growth in the Australian CPI is significantly UNDERSTATING current market movements. While this is likely to pressure the CPI over coming months, the >20% YoY increase in the cost of purchasing ...
The Fed is losing BILLIONS every week. Yes, you read that right. BILLIONS! How did the Fed get into this position, and what does it mean for the future of monetary policy and the United States at large?
A 🧵 👇
In order to answer these questions, the first thing to understand is that the Fed's balance sheet has MASSIVELY expanded since the GFC, growing from <$1tn to a post-COVID peak of $8.9tn, as the Fed conducted many rounds of QE.
When the Fed expands its balance sheet by purchasing Treasuries or mortgage backed securities, it does so by "printing" money. This results in an increase in reserves. Banks historically held few excess reserves as they did not earn interest (see the pre-GFC reserve level).