Ghalib’s father, Mirza Abdullah Beg Khan, died in 1803 when Ghalib was only five. For a few years after his father’s death, his uncle, Mirza Nasrullah Beg, who was commander of Agra Fort under the Marathas, took care of him and his siblings. They had a good life.
#MirzaGhalib
In late 18th century, he had been appointed as an officer of 400 cavalrymen in the British Armed Forces by its commander-in-chief, General Gerald Lake, at a handsome monthly salary of Rs 1,700. When he died his family pension was fixed at Rs 1ok per annum, to be paid by Company
Ghalib who had arrived in Delhi during the early 19th century and lived here for more than 50 years until his death in 1869 had earned his reputation as a prominent Urdu poet in Delhi even during his lifetime.
From courtesans to fakirs to even shopkeepers in streets were found quoting his verses. In addition to this, he was invited for reciting his poetry for mushairas in the "Qila-e-Moalla" (Lal Quila) and later also became the patron ('Ustad') of poet Emperor, Bahadur Shah Zafar.

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More from @syedurahman

Oct 24
#OTD was born the last Mughal Emperor Bahadur Shah Zafar. He was not just a vestige of past, he was a very popular leader, poet, sufi and great freedom fighter who rose with his people against tyrannical n brutal rule of the British East India Company.
#Thread
#BahadurShahZafar Image
While the mutiny was defeated in a matter of over a year or so, Emperor lost badly, sacrificing his sons who were butchered by a British officer, faced sham trial where there was no hope of justice and the judge was doing all to punish him and his family in worst possible manner
Bahadur Shah II was 20th and last Mughal emperor. He succeeded his father, Akbar II, upon his death on 28 September 1837. He was a titular Emperor as the Mughal Empire existed in name when he became the emperor as the authority of the empire had shrunk only to the walled city.
Read 17 tweets
Oct 22
#OTD, 22October1764 was fought one of the most important battles in modern Indian history. #BattleofBuxar destroyed the prestige of the Nawab of Bengal, Nawab of Oudh and also the Mughals, as the trio fought together against the British colonial forces. Image
British commanded by Major Hector Munro routed the and the combined army of an alliance of Indian states including Bengal, Awadh, and the Mughal Empire. This decisive battle confirmed British power over Bengal and Bihar after their initial success at Battle of Plassey in 1757. Image
Battle of Buxar, also marked end of English's attempt to rule Bengal through a puppet nawab as company took complete control of massive province for all practical purposes. British victory at Buxar won them Diwani rights of Bengal including Bihar and Orissa, besides part of Oudh.
Read 7 tweets
Oct 14
There have been many women who have won fame and praise for their courage and power. However, many of them have remained obscure names as not much has been written about them. One such woman is Khunza Humayun Shah, the mother of Chand Bibi.
#KhunzaHumayunShah
#Deccan
#Thread
While a number of biographies have been authored on her illustrious daughter, Chand Bibi, not a single book has been authored on the life and achievements of her great mother. She was a remarkable woman who had enjoyed influence during her husband’s reign and then herself ruled
Khunza Humayun Shah, who Ferishta mentions as the Khoonza Sultana, was the mother of Murtuza Nizam Shah, who was his regent for 6 years and during that period managed the afffairs of the Ahmadnagar Sultanate. Murtuza Nizam Shah was enthroned in 1565.
Read 19 tweets
Aug 21
The Malabar rebellion of 1921 or #Moplah rebellion was launched #OTD in the year 1921, almost hundred years ago. The nation should celebrate this year as the 100th year of the uprising that saw mass uprising against the British colonial rule.
#Thread
#MalabarRebellion101
The uprising was against the British n its feudal supporters. The British had appointed high caste Hindus in positions of authority to get their support. They had facilitated the hassle-free British rule and any opposition to British was made out to be against their supporters.
There is no denying the fact that the Moplah rebellion was actually a peasant revolt against the colonial government. During the uprising, the rebels attacked various symbols and institutions of the colonial state, such as telegraph lines, train stations, courts and post offices.
Read 11 tweets
Jul 18
#AlauddinKhilji ascended to throne #OTD, 19 July 1296 and remained in power for two decades. His reign lasted till 4th January 1316. His reign would be remembered for stability, rule of law, strong central leadership and a powerful standing army.
#भारत_का_ख़िलजी
#AlauddinKhalji
Political upheaval and his lack of administrative skills made it look unlikely that he would be able to rule for long. Initial years of his rule were spent in putting down one uprising after the other and taking on the Mongols who attacked India at least six times during his rule
Later, after repeated defeats, at the hands of Alauddin Khalji and his able generals, especially Zafar Khan, and after being hounded by Khalji generals in Lahore and Punjab who counter attacked Kabul on numerous occasions, Mongols didn’t dare to cross the Indus.
Read 22 tweets
Jul 18
Who is the Jagat Seth of our times?

In 1707, Manikchand helped Prince Farrukhsiyar financially to become the #Mughal Emperor. As reward, Farrukhsiyar conferred the title of Jagat Seth on Manik Chand, the head of the family, meaning "banker or merchant of the world.
Murshid Quli Khan Subedar of Bihar, Bengal and Orissa and Seth Manik Chand were close friends of each other. Manik Chand was not only the cashier of Nawab Murshid Quli Khan but the revenue of the province was also deposited with him.
After the Battle of Plassey, Mir Jafar became the new Nawab. He organised the killing of several members of the family including Jagat Seth, Mehtab Chand and his cousin Swarup Chand, in 1763, and threw their bodies off the ramparts off Munger Fort.
Read 4 tweets

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