Siebe. Profile picture
Jan 2 11 tweets 5 min read
Hopes for the new year: #LongCovid trials I'm excited about

🧵
1) #CPCOV03

Host directed antiviral, induced autophagy

I wrote a thread about it here
2) #TVG489

Allogenic CAR T cells

These will hopefully be able to clear infected cells, if T cell evasion by SARS-CoV-2 (via MHC I downregulation) can be overcome

labiotech.eu/trends-news/te…
3) #Ampligen

Immune stimulator with a long history..
healthrising.org/blog/2022/10/1…

I don't expect it to be a cure.

Instead, what I'm looking for (with every antiviral therapeutic) is a positive signal that it could increase the effectiveness of an antiviral cocktail
4-6) Three Paxlovid trials

Mixed feelings about this. With limited funding, this seems very inefficient. Still, it has to be trialed to confirm anecdotal evidence of some (temporary) effects

One of the trials has 1700 participants, too much imo

Also: only 15 days
I'm happy though that at least 1 of the trials will use the Simoa assay to assess virus in the blood (viremia)

And another will track immunological changes (by @VirusesImmunity )
Auto-antibody therapies

7) #BC007 obviously. Very curious about this. Sounds too good to be true, but I'd be happy to be surprised

8) #RSLV132
clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT04…

9) #Efgartigimod
(There are probably some other promising trials I'm unaware of, but I'm primarily following viral persistence literature & therapeutics)
There are a couple of obvious drugs missing:

Peginterferon #Lambda, an Immunostimulatory drug with efficacy in acute covid and long-term safety (48 weeks!!)

#Remdesivir and associated RdRp inhibitors #VV116 and #obeldesivir (#GS5245)

#Ensitrelvir 🇯🇵s Mpro protease inhibitor
And of course monoclonal antibodies with cytotoxicity against infected cells!
There's a whole lot more to be trialed that I haven't mentioned..

But my biggest hope for 2023:
that we'll see/create more pharma buy-in and philanthropic support for a Long Covid Trials Platform!

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More from @PatientPersists

Aug 29, 2022
I keep seeing posts from ppl like "I ran Ultramarathons/exercised 6 times a week, and I STILL got #LongCovid"

Obviously, it's very poignant and is evidence that LC =/= deconditioning or, god forbid, fear of movement.

However, intense exercise isn't good for the immune system 1/
There's a famous J-curve showing that moderate exercise decreases the risk of infections, but intense exercise greatly increases it temporarily.

Regular intense exercise prolongs this 'interval of increased susceptibility' to pathogens. /2

bit.ly/3czyit8
As far as I understand, the exact mechanism isn't known.

One hypothesis is stress hormones: exercise leads to increased levels, but stress hormones are immunosuppressive.

/3
Read 9 tweets
May 31, 2022
@ahandvanish @VirusesImmunity (in hindsight, I could have googled this question 😅 but it's fun thinking publicly!)

So, low NK function: probably part of the picture

I wonder if this is a cause (low NK at acute phase increases risk of chronic infection) or consequence (NK cells working hard but ineffective)
@ahandvanish @VirusesImmunity If it's a cause: why are they low? Previous (chronic) infections? Other immune damage?

And: I suspect there's something going wrong with NK cells' targeting mechanism. Low NK cells alone would be too easy to fix.
@ahandvanish @VirusesImmunity Increased Levels of NK Cells in the Long-COVID Group

The total levels of NK cells, characterized by the expression of the activation marker CD56, were increased 1.7-fold (p = 0.0005) in the Long-COVID group, in comparison with the Recovered group

frontiersin.org/articles/10.33…
Read 8 tweets
May 30, 2022
I'm just learning that NK cells apparently kill other cells that fail to express MHC I. Not expressing MHC I is suspicious.

So this question ⬇️ is excellent, not only for acute COVID, but also for #LongCovid .

What's going on with NK function in LC?

@VirusesImmunity
I was sent this excellent post written by @CortJohnson

NK cells in FM:
- are "wired but tired"
- have a specific "profile" (more of some receptors, less of some others)
- are differentially attached to SFN

Maybe a chronic neurotrophic virus causes FM?

healthrising.org/blog/2022/04/2…
The obvious question is of course:

Is TGFbeta higher in long covid?

It doesn't seem so!

medrxiv.org/content/10.110…
Read 5 tweets
May 29, 2022
#pwME and #LongCovid
If you have taken any antivirals or monoclonal antibodies, please fill in this survey:

hipaa.jotform.com/221391081417046

Options include:
- Tollovid/Gromwell root
- Paxlovid
- Molnupiravir
- Remsdesivir
- Mabs
- Any other antiviral

Data will move us forward!
Note: experiences with no effect/adverse effects are very much welcome!
Read 4 tweets

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