10 HIGH YIELD mnemonics to help you memorise concepts for board exams and clinical practice β A thread π§΅
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1. Tetralogy of Fallot β‘οΈ PROVe
β½οΈ Pulmonary infundibular stenosis
π Right ventricular hypertrophy
π’ Overriding aorta
π³ Ventricular septal defect
π« Most common cyanotic heart disease, causes R-L shunt
πͺ Tx: Surgical repair
β½οΈ Pulmonary infundibular stenosis
π Right ventricular hypertrophy
π’ Overriding aorta
π³ Ventricular septal defect
π« Most common cyanotic heart disease, causes R-L shunt
πͺ Tx: Surgical repair
2. Acute rheumatic fever β‘οΈ Jβ₯NES criteria
π Joints (migratory polyarthritis)
π« β₯ (carditis)
𧴠Nodules (subcutaneous)
βοΈ Erythema marginatum
ππ½ Sydenham chorea
π Tx: Antibiotics, supportive care for other symptoms, 2Λ prophylaxis for RHD
π Joints (migratory polyarthritis)
π« β₯ (carditis)
𧴠Nodules (subcutaneous)
βοΈ Erythema marginatum
ππ½ Sydenham chorea
π Tx: Antibiotics, supportive care for other symptoms, 2Λ prophylaxis for RHD
3. Infectious endocarditis β‘οΈ FROM JANE
π¦· RF: Poor dentition, IV drug use, IV catheters, heart disease
π¦ Most common: viridans Streptococci
π Dx: TEE is gold standard + culture
π Tx: Initially with vancomycin, subsequent Tx based on culture (S.viridans β Pen G / Ceftri)
π¦· RF: Poor dentition, IV drug use, IV catheters, heart disease
π¦ Most common: viridans Streptococci
π Dx: TEE is gold standard + culture
π Tx: Initially with vancomycin, subsequent Tx based on culture (S.viridans β Pen G / Ceftri)
4. Multiple myeloma β‘οΈ CRAB
π¦ hyperCalcemia (>11)
π¦ Renal insufficiency (CCl <40)
π©Έ Anemia (HB <10)
𦴠Bone lytic lesion / Back pain
ππ½ Most common cause of isolated βALP in elderly
π Clonal bone marrow plasma cells β₯10%
π¦ hyperCalcemia (>11)
π¦ Renal insufficiency (CCl <40)
π©Έ Anemia (HB <10)
𦴠Bone lytic lesion / Back pain
ππ½ Most common cause of isolated βALP in elderly
π Clonal bone marrow plasma cells β₯10%
5. Acute dialysis β‘οΈ AEIOU
𧬠Acidosis (pH <7.1)
π Electrolytes (refractory hyperkalemia/>6.5)
π Intoxication (methanol, ethylene glycol, salicylate, Li, valproate)
π³ Overload (π§overload refractory to diuretics)
β οΈ Uremia (pericarditis, encephalopathy)
𧬠Acidosis (pH <7.1)
π Electrolytes (refractory hyperkalemia/>6.5)
π Intoxication (methanol, ethylene glycol, salicylate, Li, valproate)
π³ Overload (π§overload refractory to diuretics)
β οΈ Uremia (pericarditis, encephalopathy)
6. Medullary respiratory centre β‘οΈ DIVE
ππ½ Dorsal: Inspiration
ππ½ Ventral: Expiration
ππ½ Dorsal: Inspiration
ππ½ Ventral: Expiration
7. Vestibulo-ocular reflex β‘οΈ COWS
π₯Ά Cold β Opposite
π₯΅ Warm β Same
π₯Ά Cold β Opposite
π₯΅ Warm β Same
8. Menopause wreaks HAVOCS
π§π»ββοΈ Hirsutism
𧴠Atrophy of Vagina
𦴠Osteoporosis
π« Coronary artery disease
π€ Sleep disturbance
π§π»ββοΈ Hirsutism
𧴠Atrophy of Vagina
𦴠Osteoporosis
π« Coronary artery disease
π€ Sleep disturbance
9. Depression β‘οΈ SIG E CAPS
ππ½ This mnemonic makes no logical sense (what is a SIG E CAP?) but is one of the ones that really stick to me Iβm not so sure whyβ¦
π Dx: depressed mood + anhedonia + β₯4/7 criteria
π Tx: CBT + SSRI
ππ½ This mnemonic makes no logical sense (what is a SIG E CAP?) but is one of the ones that really stick to me Iβm not so sure whyβ¦
π Dx: depressed mood + anhedonia + β₯4/7 criteria
π Tx: CBT + SSRI
10. Mania β‘οΈ DIG FAST
1οΈβ£ Bipolar 1: β₯1 manic episode + causing marked impairment
2οΈβ£ Bipolar 2: β₯1 hypomanic episode + β₯1 major depressive episode
π Tx: CBT + mood stabiliser Β± antipsychotics
1οΈβ£ Bipolar 1: β₯1 manic episode + causing marked impairment
2οΈβ£ Bipolar 2: β₯1 hypomanic episode + β₯1 major depressive episode
π Tx: CBT + mood stabiliser Β± antipsychotics
Iβm a doctor based in Bali, Indonesia riding the wave of the wonderful medical community on Twitter to talk about my IMG journey to the UK.
ππ½ Sitting for the PLAB 1 on August 2023
ππ½ Connect with me for more of these
I hope you all have a wonderful weekend β¨
ππ½ Sitting for the PLAB 1 on August 2023
ππ½ Connect with me for more of these
I hope you all have a wonderful weekend β¨
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