This systematic review and meta-analysis suggests that beetroot or nitrate supplements are not likely to improves body composition indices regardless of supplement dosage, trial duration, and athletic status.
- All included studies indicated that beetroot or nitrate supplementation are not likely to change body composition indices of the intervened groups compared with controls.
- Subgroup analyses suggested no significant differences in body composition-related outcomes between subgroups in terms of duration of intervention, dose, study design, baseline BMI of participants, and athletic status (athlete versus non athlete).
- "the present study revealed that the majority of claims about the advantages of BR consumption on weight loss or body composition improvement found on the labels of several products are not supported by clear scientific data."
The effects of beetroot and nitrate supplementation on body composition: A GRADE-assessed systematic review and meta-analysis (open access)
In this one, 4 weeks of HIIT improved macrovascular function, as measured by flow-mediated dilation, but 2 weeks of detraining were enough to reverse the improvements induced by the training back to pre-training values in adolescent boys aged 12–14 years.
- 4 weeks of HIIT improved macrovascular function, as measured by flow-mediated dilation.
- 2 weeks of detraining were enough to reverse the improvements induced by the training back to pre-training values.
This systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials suggests that aerobic exercise may reduce cardiovascular disease risk as predicted by some lipid biomarkers and ratios, when it is prescribed as treatment or prevention.
- The study conducted a meta-analysis of RCTs comparing the effects of at least 12 weeks of cardio achieving a minimum aerobic intensity (> 40% V'O2MAX), against no exercise on apolipoproteins, lipoprotein sub-fractions, associated ratios and lipid ratios...
...in sedentary adults free of chronic diseases other than the CVD risk factors comprising metabolic syndrome.
This review provides an update to the position stand of the International Society of Sports Nutrition (ISSN), integrating current literature on energy drinks and energy shots in exercise, sport, and medicine.
This is extremely extensive, or should I say exhaustive.
I can only include *some* of the concluding keypoints:
- Energy drinks can enhance acute aerobic exercise performance, largely influenced by the amount of caffeine (> 200 mg or >3 mg∙kg bodyweight [BW−1]) in the beverage.
This systematic review and meta-analysis suggests that even though the Range Of Motion (ROM) during resistance training appears to have at most a modest impact on musculoskeletal function and morphology, different ROMs may be appropriate for different goals.
- ROM during RT appears to have at most a modest impact on outcomes of interest (strength, muscle size, body composition, power, or sport performance proxies).
- The impact of ROM was found to be trivial to small, favoring a full or long ROM compared to partial ROM.
This one in rats suggests that long-term exercise preserves pancreatic islet structure and β-cell mass through may directly or indirectly attenuate islet fibrosis and protects the pancreatic islets through anti-inflammatory and anti-fibrotic actions.
- After 60 weeks (~14 human years) of exercise, it was found to lead to a 68% and 45% reduction in islet fibrosis in the normal and high-fat diet groups and was correlated with a lower serum blood glucose.
- Fibrotic islets were characterized by irregular shapes and substantial loss of β-cell mass, but these were reduced in the exercise groups.