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Mar 16 • 10 tweets • 2 min read
The findings of this one suggest that anthropometric measures waist-to-hip ratio and/or waist circumference, but not BMI, are risk factors for MACE-3, CVD-related mortality, and all-cause mortality in patients with type 2 diabetes and CV risk factors or established CVD.
- The REWIND CV Outcomes Trial evaluated CVD-related events, including MACE-3, CVD-related mortality, all-cause mortality, and HF requiring hospitalization, over a median of 5.4 years.
- Patients had type 2 diabetes, were aged 50 years or older with CV risk factors or established CVD and had a baseline BMI of ≥ 23 kg/m2.
- The placebo group of the REWIND trial provides data on the CV outcomes of patients with type 2 diabetes being treated with the standard of care.
- The aim of the current study was to evaluate and contrast measures of general and central adiposity as potential risk factors for MACE-3, CVD-related mortality, all-cause mortality, and HF requiring hospitalization in the placebo group of the REWIND CV Outcomes Trial.
- In this population, BMI was a significant risk factor only for heart failure requiring hospitalization.
- Waist-to-hip ratio and/or waist circumference were risk factors for MACE-3, CVD-related mortality, and all-cause mortality.
- Waist circumference adjusted for hip circumference was one of the strongest risk factors for MACE-3, CVD-related mortality, and all-cause mortality...
"...indicating that both WC and HC have independent information pertaining to CV risk which is not completely captured by WHR."
General versus central adiposity as risk factors for cardiovascular-related outcomes in a high-risk population with type 2 diabetes: a post hoc analysis of the REWIND trial (open access)

doi.org/10.1186/s12933…

#MetabolicSyndrome #InsulinResistance #Diabetes #Obesity

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Nick Krontiris Profile picture
Mar 17
The findings of this one suggest that central adiposity leads to dyslipidemia, with measures of insulin resistance and sensitivity partly mediating this, and that n-3 PUFAs may moderate the direct path between adiposity and dyslipidemia, reducing the risk for type 2 diabetes.
- This study was conducted in Yup’ik individuals from 10 communities in rural SW Alaska.
- Although Yup’ik people have an obesity and prediabetes prevalence similar to the general U.S. population, the prevalence of type 2 diabetes is relatively rare (∼3%).
Read 15 tweets
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Mar 17
This systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials suggests that treatment with Sodium-Glucose Cotransporter-2 inhibitors (SGLT2i) is unlikely to reduce or increase cancer incidence or mortality.
- The review included RCTs that compared SGLT2 inhibitors or SGLT1/2 inhibitors to placebo, active interventions, or no intervention in adults (aged ≥ 18 years), with a minimum follow-up of 48 weeks and that reported at least 1 case of cancer or 1 death due to cancer.
- Treatment with SGLT2 inhibitors did not reduce or increase cancer incidence or mortality.
Read 6 tweets
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Mar 16
This one suggests that there is some evidence that nutritional interventions, may benefit respiratory health in individuals with pre-existing nutrient deficiencies and in healthy individuals during times of compromised immune function associated with increased physical stress. Image
- This review focuses on numerous commercial interventions that purport to improve respiratory health, including nasal dilators, nasal breathing, and systematized breathing interventions respiratory muscle training, canned oxygen, nutritional supplements, and inhaled L-menthol.
- On the nutritional side of things it found that:
Read 17 tweets
Nick Krontiris Profile picture
Mar 16
Here, higher adherence to a Mediterranean-type diet was associated with lower dementia risk, independent of genetic risk in individuals living in the UK with a mean age of ~64 years.
"Specifically, participants with the highest MedDiet adherence had 23% lower risk of developing dementia in comparison with those with the lowest level of adherence (highest vs. lowest MEDAS continuous tertiles)...
"...which was equivalent to an absolute risk difference (reduction) of 0.55%."
Read 4 tweets
Nick Krontiris Profile picture
Mar 16
Here, an energy-dense keto-friendly energy bar consumed 3 hours before exercise was similarly effective in sustaining ∼1 hour of steady-state incline rucking under 30% of body weight load, compared with an isocaloric serving of carbohydrate energy bars.
- Recreationally active and healthy males consumed 1000 kcal derived from a novel, energy-dense (percentage energy from carbohydrate/fat/protein: 5/83/12) ketogenic bar, or isocaloric high-carbohydrate bars (CB; 61/23/16) 3ours h before a time-to-exhaustion ruck.
- The ingestion of the keto-friendly energy bar increased fat oxidation, whereas the carbohydrate energy bars increased mean carbohydrate oxidation:
Read 8 tweets
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Mar 16
Interestingly, the findings of this one suggest that comorbidity burden could be the driving factor behind age-related decreases in total testosterone levels in men.
- The current study utilized data from the 2004-2017 Baltimore Longitudinal Study of Aging to investigate the association between additive comorbidities and serum testosterone levels over time in men with a mean age of ~69.8 years.
- After controlling for various comorbidities, no association between age and testosterone was observed.
Read 11 tweets

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