Thread by @nick_krontiris

The findings of this one suggest that central adiposity leads to dyslipidemia, with measures of insulin resistance and sensitivity partly mediating this, and that n-3 PUFAs may moderate the direct path between adiposity and dyslipidemia, reducing the risk for type 2 diabetes.

- This study was conducted in Yup’ik individuals from 10 communities in rural SW Alaska.

- Although Yup’ik people have an obesity and prediabetes prevalence similar to the general U.S. population, the prevalence of type 2 diabetes is relatively rare (∼3%).

- This study set out to evaluate how adiposity, insulin resistance, and a dietary pattern rich in marine mammals and fish interact and result in the prevention of atherogenic dyslipidemia.

- Using causal mediation analysis, findings suggest that central adiposity leads directly to dyslipidemia, with up to 21.6% of the total effect of adiposity on plasma TG, HDL-C & non-HDL-c concentration being mediated through measures of insulin resistance or sensitivity.

- In association analyses, EPA and n-3 PUFA intake were inversely associated with TG concentration, whereas DHA was not significantly associated with TGs.

- DHA and EPA were associated with total cholesterol, LDL-c & non-HDL-c, whereas only DHA was positively associated with HDL-c concentration.

- Results also suggested that DHA may weaken the strength of the positive association between waist circumference and total cholesterol & non-HDL-c.

The moderation of total cholesterol and non-HDL-C by EPA, and moderation of the association between waist circumference and TG by DHA were only marginally significant.

n3 PUFAs appeared to only marginally moderate the association between waist circumference and TG.

"Nevertheless, it is interesting to note that all 3 RBC PUFA measures appear to consistently moderate associations between WC and plasma TG, TC, and non-HDL-C."

- "It is possible that the discrepancy in our findings compared with the RCT’s is related to the consumption of natural food sources that contain additional nutrients in addition to n-3 PUFAs, rather than taking n-3 PUFAs in supplement form."

- "Although we have not previously observed a direct inverse association between n-3 PUFA intake and measures of glucose metabolism, in this study, we demonstrate that n-3 PUFAs significantly moderate the direct path from adiposity to dyslipidemia...

"...which in combination with their inverse association with blood pressure and inflammation, may collectively contribute to reduced risk for T2D."

Obesity-Associated Dyslipidemia Is Moderated by Habitual Intake of Marine-Derived n-3 Polyunsaturated Fatty Acids in Yup’ik Alaska Native People: A Cross-Sectional Mediation-Moderation Analysis (open access)

doi.org/10.1016/j.tjnu…

#nutrition #diet #PUFAs #Omega3