John E Deaton Profile picture
May 2 14 tweets 9 min read Twitter logo Read on Twitter
SHAME ON U.S. REGULATORS

Consider the following:

In 2017 SEC issued the DAO. Then 2017-19 there were 57 enforcement actions 🆚 crypto companies, involving ICOs (#KIK, #Telegram, etc).

In 2018 we got the Hinman Speech.

In 2019 the SEC issued its Framework for Digital assets.
Also in 2019, former Chairman Clayton publicly agreed with Hinman’s speech stating the token itself is NOT a security and that a token can, at first, start out or be issued as a security, but later transform so that subsequent sales of the token no longer meet the Howey test.
Yet, here we are FOUR years later, moving backwards regarding regulatory clarity. And for you crypto Critics that say Hinman and Clayton’s comments are immaterial b/c their statements were only personal opinions, I say hogwash (I actually say something else but I’m being polite).
It’s an absolute shame our regulators won’t sit down and establish a regulatory framework - even if it’s a framework many in the industry believe too harsh.

For example, establish sufficiently decentralized markers that must first be met to be a commodity.

It’s not 🚀 science.
The @Ripple / #XRP case is the perfect example. If Ripple owning 50% of the tokens is an issue, then establish a standard that no one entity can own more than a certain percentage of the outstanding tokens as part of the sufficiently decentralized paradigm.
As for #XRP itself, OBJECTIVELY consider the following:

In 2014 (yes, almost a DECADE ago), the @USGAO described #XRP as a “virtual currency utilized in a decentralized payment protocol called Ripple.”

It certainly didn’t describe it as a security.
Also consider, in 2015, FinCEN declared #XRP “convertible virtual currency” and forced Ripple to comply with U.S. Banking laws, not securities laws.

The SEC was informed (through an info sharing agreement with FinCEN) and didn’t step in and say these were also securities.
Also consider, in his speech, Hinman basically said any network that is equal to or more decentralized than #ETH isn’t a security.

Consider that Ripple wasn’t sued during those 57 prosecutions.

Now also consider what the SEC’s 2019 Framework literally states:
If a token can be used as a payment or as a substitute for fiat, it is “unlikely to satisfy Howey.”

That’s the very use case for #XRP. @TapJets & @Spend_The_Bits use #XRP that way. Hell, there was an #XRPTipBot on Twitter long ago allowing p2p payments.

Look at what @coinbase👇 Image
Now also consider, that the 2019 FSOC annual report highlighted #XRP NOT as a security but as a “virtual currency” - a report that was signed by ALL the top financial regulators in the United States, including Clayton and Jerome Powell. Image
Also consider in 2019 @MoneyGram filed documents w/the SEC 👇disclosing how MoneyGram would be using #XRP in its cross border payments business. The SEC knew MoneyGram would sell #XRP to the public on Coinbase - the company it approved to go public over two years ago! Image
It has been a DECADE since the @USGAO report in 2014 describing #XRP as a virtual currency utilized in a decentralized payment system.

We have a Chairman @GaryGensler who won’t answer the basic question of whether #ETH is a security despite @CFTCbehnam saying its a commodity.
You can credibly make the case that a lot of Crypto is a ponzi or scam.

You can credibly believe, like I do, that all altcoins satisfy Howey at the time of their origin and initial sales or distribution (including #ETH and #XRP). Hell, arguably #BTC satisfied Howey in 2011-2013.
But one thing you CANNOT credibly argue, is that the @SECGov is even remotely protecting investors.

Not only has it failed miserably to protect investors, it certainly hasn’t maintained “fair, orderly, and efficient markets” nor “facilitated capital formation.”

Absolute shame!

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More from @JohnEDeaton1

May 2
Quite a few people ask why would Ripple settle if they won. First, I didn’t say Ripple would agree to the same terms of a settlement they would’ve agreed to 2 years ago. It all depends on the ruling itself. Does Coinbase and Kraken immediately relist or wait for an appeal?
Does Bank of America, a Ripple partner feel comfortable with the decision or wait to see if Judge Torres gets overturned if the SEC appeals her ruling.

Remember, the SEC can file a notice of appeal and withdraw it later.
If the SEC told Ripple it would issue a statement that all future sales of #XRP are not securities (not saying it would) and not appeal if Ripple agrees to pay $50M, I believe the certainty and immediate return of liquidity to the U.S., makes @bgarlinghouse ✍️ a check in seconds.
Read 4 tweets
May 1
This is not how a settlement happens. First, I believe the only time a settlement occurs in this case is AFTER a ruling by Judge Torres and that happens only if Ripple gets a big victory so Gensler could save face and get a political win via settlement. Sorry not going to happen.
How is Genlser going to agree that ongoing and future sales of #XRP are not securities AND pursue Coinbase and others? Sure he could try and thread 🧵 the needle 🪡 and somehow claim claim that #XRP is like no other token AFTER claiming that it was like others for over 2 years.
Second, because of claims of market manipulation and insider trading, they wouldn’t set a meeting and run the risk of a leak and influence the market. They would just meet and then come to terms, if they could, and then and only then would they report a settlement to the judge.
Read 4 tweets
Apr 14
After Coinbase listed #XRP in late February 2019, @MoneyGram filed a notice with the SEC and read what it said:

“This agreement will enable MoneyGram to utilize Ripple’s xRapid product (XRP) in foreign exchange settlement as part of the MoneyGram’s cross-border payment process.” Image
If #XRP was itself an illegal security the way the SEC now claims, why would the SEC allow this MoneyGram partnership 18 months before Clayton dropped the lawsuit on his last full day at the SEC and the very next day after meeting with @GaryGensler? 🤔
According to the SEC’s absurd theory, the #XRP that MoneyGram sold through exchanges like Coinbase to the public were also investment contracts w/Ripple even if the purchaser never heard a company called Ripple that sold software to banks.
Read 15 tweets
Apr 13
Yet, the FND is pled as Ripple’s Fourth Affirmative Defense. Is Ripple’s FND argument different or unique than previous one’s? Yes!

But we must first fully understand the nature of the FND and when, if ever, it would become relevant in the case.
To fully comprehend Ripple’s FND, we must first distinguish it from the typical “fair notice” argument that has been raised in previous crypto cases (e.g. Telegram, Kik, @LBRYcom).
We must also distinguish Ripple’s FND from arguments regarding issues of selective enforcement (the issue that some projects get a free pass while others get prosecuted) or the issue of regulatory capture by a select few investors who have captured transient regulators. 🤔
Read 24 tweets
Apr 2
“INVESTMENT CONTRACT”

Is one of the most misunderstood legal terms in the law. The Howey Test must be the most misapplied legal test or doctrine on social media.

“Investment contract” is a legal term of art adopted from state law by Congress when it enacted the 1933 Act.
According to the Securities Act of 1933, the term ‘‘security’’ means:

“any note, stock, treasury stock, security future, security-based swap, bond, debenture, evidence of indebtedness, certificate of interest or participation in any profit-sharing agreement,
collateral-trust certificate, preorganization certificate or subscription, transferable share, investment contract, voting-trust certificate, certificate of de- posit for a security, fractional undivided interest in oil, gas, or other mineral rights, any put, call, straddle,
Read 12 tweets
Mar 31
Imagined #XRP outcomes:

Best outcome: outright win for @Ripple w/the Judge smacking the SEC for gross overreach and behavior in the case (Judge Netburn has commented SEC lawyers are hypocrites, lack faithful allegiance to the law, and only care about winning the next argument);
2nd best: Judge rules Ripple offered #XRP as an investment contract aka security early in the #XRP ecosystem on a few specific instances (ie the brochure sent to 100 potential investors in 2014) but #XRP itself is not a security and ongoing and secondary sales are not securities;
3rd best: Judge denies both the SEC and Ripple’s motion for summary judgment and states that a jury must decide disputed facts and we have the status quo for another year - BUT the judge makes clear #XRP is simply software code and that secondary sales are not securities;
Read 9 tweets

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