Laurent Pech 🇺🇦 Profile picture
Jun 6 14 tweets 4 min read Twitter logo Read on Twitter
Just finished reading the 389 paragraphs (a single afternoon wasn’t enough 😬). Overall, a careful/compelling ruling with some new aspects on organisation of national judiciaries, judicial independence & transversality of effective judicial protection requirements (🧵🔽)
1/ Background: This ECJ judgment concerns Poland’s ruling party’s #MuzzleLaw, a grossly unconstitutional and rushed piece of legislation which aimed to (and was used to) punish Polish judges for applying Polish and EU and ECHR #ruleoflaw requirements verfassungsblog.de/open-letter-to…
2/ Re admissibility, 🇵🇱 gov sought to rely on the (un)constitutional “rulings” of the discredited (un)constitutional tribunal (which is no longer a court) to deny ECJ jurisdiction. ECJ answer: a 1st year EU law lecture on basics of EU membership, esp re importance of #ruleoflaw
3/ Worth noting: No mention of pending infringement action re (un)constitutional tribunal, ECHR case law re 🇵🇱🦘 "constitutional tribunal" or even pending Art 7(1) TEU procedure here but arguably no need to do so as no EUMS court – let alone a 🦘 one – can ignore basics of EU law
4/ Re 🦘 "Disciplinary Chamber" (since replaced by another unconstitutional chamber pretending to be a court): ECJ mostly recalls its previous infringement judgment re 🇵🇱 + “Romanian I judges” preliminary ruling to state obvious: judicial immunity cannot be waived by 🦘 bodies
5/ Re new disciplinary offences for judges: ECJ again has to state obvious = EUMS cannot use vague, over-broad legislative provisions to bully national judges into *not* applying EU rule of law requirements such as established by law and judicial independence requirements
6/ Worth noting: ECJ essentially held muzzle law to amount to *deliberate violation of its AK judgment* + *deliberate attempt to undermine pending ECJ PR requests* + 🇵🇱 judges can review independence (or lack thereof) of neo-KRS + ECJ recalls SCt has already held neo-KRS = 🦘body
7/ Re prohibition to review PiS irregularly appointed “judges”: ECJ again stresses broad, vague nature of relevant provisions and repeats itself re aim and effects of muzzle law = prevent/punish judges for applying EU law/ECJ rulings. Shame it took 3 yrs & 1/2 to get judgment...
8/ Worth noting: IMO, ECJ here contradicts its own 🇵🇱EAW case law with ECJ stressing here illusory/defective remedies (e.g. re recusal of neo-KRS irregularly appointed “judge”) when ECJ told national (executing) cts to surrender on basis of same remedies…
verfassungsblog.de/avoiding-the-e…
9/ Re 🦘 “extraordinary chamber”: This is arguably the most interesting/innovative part of judgment with ECJ (as suggested by Comm) outlining why judicial independence are “horizontal” issues and effective judicially must be “transversally” guaranteed in all fields of EU law
10/ Worth noting: Contrary to AG, ECJ found violation when new exclusive but limited jurisdiction re review of “established by law” requirement is given to new court (let alone a 🦘 court like here) whereas this is a transversal requirement which must be reviewed by all courts
11/ Worth noting too: No mention of ECHR case law on neo-KRS/chamber but seemingly due to poor Comm work by which did not properly raise issues procedurally speaking = ECJ could not review grossly irregular/unlawful appointment/composition of 🦘 chamber. Real missed opportunity Image
12/ Re judges’ data/privacy fundamental rights: Final part of judgment again rich/compelling with Court doubting 🇵🇱 gov’s good faith in several paras and finding several violations of EU Charter/GDPR with reference to general/specific context in 🇵🇱, previous legal framework, etc
13/ Worth noting: TBOMK, first time the ECJ refers to risks of undue stigmatisation of judges due to the (disproportionate) placing of (sensitive) private information online by a government. Crucial and welcome aspect

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More from @ProfPech

Mar 8
"Where a Member State adopts measures that undermine the independence of national courts, the EU judicial architecture is compromised and so is the #ruleoflaw within the EU"

Excellent speech by CJEU President Lenaerts on the RoL legal obligations which flow from EU Membership
With respect, however, the ECJ has delivered absurd/reality disconnected judgment in Noble Bank which means, in practice, that ECJ has stopped assessing whether referring court is composed of judges or irregularly appointed individuals & delegated this EU job to ECtHR in practice
ECJ LM test is similarly absurd (& violates effective judicial protection requirements IMO) in situation where e.g. Art 6(1) ECHR and Art 19(1) TEU have been interpreted as "unconstitutional" then second step as currently interpreted by ECJ = reality disconnected again @BardPetra
Read 8 tweets
Jun 3, 2022
After multiple ☕️ I'm finally done reading @vonderleyen's #ruleoflaw “kapitulation” (to borrow title of @prof_mayer's recent @Verfassungsblog post) recovery package for #Poland: verfassungsblog.de/die-kapitulati…
Long thread ⬇️
1/ Before getting into details of it, quick quiz Q: How many times is the rule of law mentioned in 239p-long annexes to Commision proposal for Council implementing decision detailing the Polish recovery and resilience plan?
2/ And the answer is... 0. 0 also for Comm proposal of 17p and 1 mention in Comm working doc of 75p = so 1 mention in 331 pages 👏
Read 40 tweets
Mar 13, 2022
#Poland's #RuleofLaw breakdown (ECHR dimension): Received unofficial translation of operative part of "Art 6(1) ECHR #Polexit II" pseudo ruling in bogus case no. K 7/21. It is as bad & irresponsible as one could have expected from unlawfully composed pseudo CT (🧵)
1/ Reminder: This is not the 1st "Art 6(1) ECHR right to fair #Polexit" pseudo ruling. See (bogus) case no K 6/21 which led the @CoE SG to take the rare step of activating Article 52 of the ECHR on 7 Dec 2021. Excerpt below from ECtHR judgment of 22 Feb 2022 in Advance Pharma
2/ Case K 7/21 is 2nd time, the pseudo "Constitutional Court", in an unlawfully bench formation, held Art 6(1) ECHR to be (allegedly) unconstitutional (an insult to intelligence) on the back of application by serial violator of Polish, EU and ECHR rule of law requirements
Read 12 tweets
Mar 11, 2022
Just finished reading the European Parliament resolution of 10 March 2022 on the #ruleoflaw & consequences of ECJ twin conditionality rulings. Worth reading carefully: europarl.europa.eu/doceo/document…
Contains (justifiably) stringent criticism of @vonderleyen @EU_Commission & @EUCouncil. Some highlights:
🔴 “absence" of Com Pres from plenary debate "demonstrates a *lack of respect*” (unprecedented tbomk)
🔴 “unacceptable” failure by to discuss Art 2 TEU interinst agreement
🔴 Regrets Comm’s decision “to abide by the non-binding European Council conclusions of 11 December 2020” (some aspects of which are legally wrong as made clear by ECJ since)
🔴 Regrets Comm’s “inadequate response” to the ECJ rulings of 16 Feb 2022 re superfluous guidelines
Read 6 tweets
Jan 23, 2022
#Poland's #RuleofLaw breakdown: Judge Sterkowicz, Judge Raczkowski & Judge Wróbel, a member of the *Criminal Chamber* of Poland’s Supreme Court (showing in passing reality-disconnected nature of ECJ EAW LM test) may become next unlawfully suspended 🇵🇱 judges. State of play in🧵⬇️
1/ Judge Paweł Juszczyszyn: First 🇵🇱 judge suspended in Feb 2020 for applying ECJ ruling in AK (formally nullified later by unlawfully appointed members of unlawful disciplinary chamber). Still not reinstated following repeated (criminal) refusals to obey several 🇵🇱 & 🇪🇺 rulings
2/ Judge Igor Tuleya: Unlawfully suspended in Nov 2020 by same individuals pretending to be judges of body pretending to be a court, with this unlawful body also unlawfully lifting his judicial immunity. Also not reinstated following similar repeated violations of 🇵🇱&🇪🇺 rulings
Read 15 tweets
Nov 16, 2021
Considering inexorably increasing no of ECJ/ECtHR cases connected to #Poland's #RuleofLaw breakdown, have decided to attempt to emulate @rdanielkelemen's Brexit reality 🧵 & create 🧵 to chronologically lists all ECJ/ECtHR judgments (& most ECJ orders). Hope not to reach 1k... ⬇️
1/ 20 November 2017: ECJ (second) order in Case C-441/17 Commission v Poland (Białowieża Forest)
If you would like to know why I consider this ECJ order dealing with environmental law as key starting point of ECJ's 🇵🇱 related rule of law case law, see sieps.se/en/publication…
2/ 25 July 2018: ECJ judgment in Case C 216/18 LM (Deficiencies in the Polish system of justice)

For further analysis, see e.g. journals.sagepub.com/doi/abs/10.117…
Read 23 tweets

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