Thread by @RealCheckMarker

Mitochondrial dysfunctions cause telomere attrition, while telomere damage leads to the reprogramming of mitochondrial biosynthesis and mitochondrial dysfunctions, which have important implications in aging and diseases.
#BoxOfNails
#BagOfBeans
#Spiroplasma
#AirborneAIDS

Mitochondrial & telomere are mostly studied independently. However, SARS Let'er R.I.P. has made clear that there are intimate links between mitochondria, telomeres, and telomerase subunits. There's an erratic looping mechanism when one of these goes wrong.
en.wikipedia.org/wiki/MRNA_surv…

We know senescent cells contribute to body dysfunction (ageing). We know telomere shortening is a recognized cause of cellular senescence. Several conditions associated with normal ageing are precipitated by accelerated telomere dysfunction.
#BagOfBeans
ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/P…

When you are reading papers or studies about cancer, inflammation, cellular senescence, stem cell exhaustion, mitochondrial dysfunction, genomic instability, telomere dysfunction and cellular aging - it is important to look for references AFTER 2009.

Prior to 2009, the dominant theory was free radicals coming from mitochondria processing of oxygen (ROS) created a feedforward loop linking telomere dysfunction, mitochondrial dysfunction and more oxidative stress pathways, resulting in ageing. Not all theories are right.

That theory only partially explains the age-related increase in the inflammatory response seen in the aged population. It doesn't explain the cooperation between cell-intrinsic telomere dysfunction-driven molecular pathways and the microbiome in driving the inflammatory response.

These competing theories are, both right.
After 2009 we were able to understand how both theories are "symptoms" of another process involved in telomere shortening where we still don't have a complete understanding of the causation of the feedback loop.
sciencedirect.com/science/articl…

After 2009, we understood how human chromosomes can be copied in a complete way during cell divisions while they are protected against degradation using Nonsense-mediated mRNA decay (NMD).
en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nonsense-…

We solved a major problem in biology: the cure against aging is found in the ends of the chromosomes – the telomeres – and in an enzyme that forms them – telomerase. The process of detecting aberrant transcripts occurs during the translation of the mRNA.

nobelprize.org/prizes/medicin…

That discovery of such a fundamental mechanism in the cell has stimulated the development of gut biome therapeutic strategies but it's also enabled us to characterize the causation of certain metabolic diseases.

en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Metabolic…

We know telomere shortening is occurring during SARS infections. SARS is accelerating ageing.
Accelerated aging ends in premature death.

https://twitter.com/yaneerbaryam/status/1475459017480810497?s=20