In April, the top importers of RU fossil fuels were:
🇨🇳 China
🇮🇳 India
🇹🇷 Turkiye
🇪🇺 EU
🇸🇦 Saudi Arabia
📉China’s imports of seaborne Russian crude saw a 24% month-on-month decrease, meanwhile, the Dalian refinery unloaded its first shipment since Sept 2025
🛢️India’s total crude imports recorded a 3.7% reduction in April, while volumes from Russia fell 19.4% month-on-month
🇪🇺 Despite the EU’s ban on Russian spot LNG imports taking effect on 25 April 2026, unloaded volumes fell by just 8% month-on-month
In March, the top EU importers were
🇫🇷 France
🇭🇺 Hungary
🇧🇪 Belgium
🇸🇰Slovakia
🇪🇸 Spain
📈 Russia exported EUR 189mn of crude oil via the Druzhba pipeline in April, delivered to Hungary and Slovakia after the pipeline resumed operations following nearly 3 months of inactivity
Despite the EU’s ban on oil products made from Russian crude, 8 shipments still unloaded at EU ports from refineries running on Russian crude
Seven of these shipments departed from Turkiye’s refineries and 1 from Georgia
🚢In April 2026, over half (54%) of Russia’s seaborne oil was transported by sanctioned ‘shadow’ tankers, the highest share on record
🏴☠️13% of the 47 false-flag vessels most recently loaded Iranian, not Russian crude or oil products; the majority alternated between the two
🛑The number of reported detentions and inspections of Russian ‘shadow’ tankers fell from 4 in March 2026 to just 1 in April
A massive oil prices spike following the Strait of Hormuz closure has led to a rethink of a Russian oil maritime services ban to ensure supplies for global markets
CREA reiterates the need to practice strong enforcement of the price cap policy & address attestation fraud to adequately crunch Russian revenues
In April 2026, full enforcement of the USD 44.1 per barrel price cap would have reduced revenues by 46%
💥Repeated Ukrainian drone strikes on Rosneft’s Tuapse refinery drove a 65% year-on-year drop in Russian oil product exports in Jan–Apr 2026
🇷🇺 CREA’s April analysis on fossil fuel exports from Russia is now available here in EN & 🇺🇦 UA soon to follow:
🇨🇳 NEW REPORT | China steel sector stalls as investments in coal-based steel plants since 2021 exceed USD 100 bn despite overcapacity & climate goals
❗ China must align investments with ‘dual carbon’ goals: CO2 emissions peak before 2030; carbon neutrality before 2060 👇
📈 China’s crude steel production broke 1bn tonnes again in 2023, the 4th year in a row
Increase in domestic steel consumption in manufacturing & infrastructure + strong demand from Asia & Africa compensated for China's year-by-year real estate decline - down to 18.8% in 2023
📉 Plummeting profitability & increasing liabilities for past 2 years have made China's steel sector financially vulnerable
💡 Uncompetitive producers aggravate problem with excessive capacities
Profit margins for China's producers hit low in 2022, much lower than international
📢 🇨🇳 NEW | 📊Briefing w/@GlobalEnergyMon
China’s new coal power spree continues as more provinces jump on the bandwagon 👇
China's coal power permitting that started in summer 2022 has continued into July 2023.
January-June 2023 saw construction start on 37 GW (gigawatts) of new coal power; 52 GW permitted, of which 10 GW already under construction; 41 GW announced; 8 GW of shelved projects revived.
⚠️ Most of China's new coal power projects don’t meet terms for central government’s new coal permitting.
Provinces building most new coal aren’t using it to support clean energy or meet demand peaks.
This shows there is no effective enforcement of permitting limiting policies.
📢 🇨🇳 NEW
Briefing: China’s steel sector invests USD 100 billion in coal-based steel plants, despite low profitability, overcapacity and carbon commitments 👇
🇨🇳 Chinese steel firms are making significant investments in new, coal-based steelmaking capacity.
Companies received approvals for 384.3 million tonnes per annum (Mtpa) of new ironmaking capacity & 425.9 Mtpa new steelmaking capacity from 2017 to first half of 2023.
On average, approximately 30 Mtpa steelmaking capacity was approved every six months in China, which is almost equal to the total steel capacity of 🇩🇪 Germany.
📢 🇨🇳 NEW | CREA’s monthly snapshot on China's energy & air pollution trends is out now👇
June 2023 saw record output of solar & nuclear power; wind was weak; hydropower dropped more (34% year-on-year in June) due to drought & pressure to save for peak demand season/July–August.
Due to China's hydropower collapse, coal & other thermal power increased in June 2023, by 14%.
The increase in coal power generation drove up demand yet domestic coal output registered weakest growth this year, 2.5%.
Domestic coal quality declined & imports jumped whopping 110%.
In June 2023, China's steel & cement output continued to cool down, with cement falling 1.5% year-on-year & crude steel registering zero growth.
This points to a weak recovery of real estate & other fixed asset investment, despite government loosening & stimulus measures.
📢 BREAKING
The EU ban on crude oil imports from Russia & the oil price cap are costing Russia an est. EUR160 mn/day, expected to rise to EUR 280mn/day in Feb. as refined oil is added. CREA’s new briefing shows how to cut Russia’s cash flow further👇
Our analysis shows that the crude oil import ban & price cap have been effective in slashing the cash flows that Russia uses to fund the attack on Ukraine. Lowering the price cap to $25-35, from the current $60, and cutting remaining oil&gas imports can accomplish even more.
Russia’s earnings from fossil fuel exports fell 17% in December, to the lowest level since the start of the country’s full-scale invasion of Ukraine.
Captive coal power plants in 🇮🇩#Indonesia highlight a loophole in 🇨🇳#China’s no new overseas #coal pledge & Indonesia’s domestic policy.
Two new #CaptiveCoal plants on China-backed #nickel & #steel complexes secured construction & purchasing agreements from Chinese firms in 2022.
Last week, a presidential regulation in 🇮🇩 #Indonesia listed “National Strategic Projects” as exempted from their moratorium on new #coal — a move that may endanger its #NetZero targets.