CHIKUNGUNYA VIRUS TROPISM
pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/30791607/
pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC73…

🦟Arthritogenic alphaviruses replicate at or near the site of infection and then spread to the target organs. 🔬CHIKV < replicates in fibroblasts, keratinocytes, melanocytes, endothelial cells, epithelial cells and resident macrophages < pass to the lymph node < and is disseminated to the SPLEEN, JOINTS AND MUSCLE
annualreviews.org/content/journa…

CHIKUNGUNYA infection causes intense joint and muscle pain, as it turns out that the virus infects and replicates in the muscles (muscle satellite cells), becoming one of its targets for the disease 🦟🦵🏽💪🏽

@DrLBoominathan @drakchaurasia @_MCRicardo_ pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/17565380/ 🔬In muscle cells Chikungunya < induces increased TCD4, IL-1b, IL-6 and TNF alpha cells
pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC72…

PATHOGENIC ROLE OF FIBRINOGEN IN THE NEUROPATHOLOGY OF MULTIPLE SCLEROSIS


🔬Plasma fibrinogen level is a sensitive biomarker for early detection of MS

Fg < induces ⬆️inflammation, ROS and neuronal injury < prevents ⬇️remyelinationncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/P… 🧠Fg in the perivascular space < increases integrin αvβ3 expression on CD11b/CD18 < activates microglia < ⬆️proinflammatory cytokines < causes BBB dysfunction and MS progression

MicroRNA in central nervous system disorders
miRNAs are involved in the pathogenesis of:

-Excitotoxicity
Ischemic stroke < ⬆️miR-223 in hippocampus > ⬇️NMDAR subunit 2B and glutamate receptor 2 (GluR2) > ⬇️Ca++ influx >⬇️ excitotoxicityejnpn.springeropen.com/articles/10.11… -Apoptosis
⬇️miR-24, MiR-497, miR-15a/16-1, miR-181a and miR-106b-5p or ⬆️miR-210 and miR-124 <⬆️ antiapoptotic proteins (Bcl-w, Bcl-2, Bcl- xl) <⬇️ the size of the infarct in the ischemic brain 

⬇️miR-124 >⬇️apoptosis inducing proteins of the p53 family >⬇️infarct size

USE OF #CURCUMIN, A NATURAL POLYPHENOL TO TARGET MOLECULAR PATHWAYS IN THE TREATMENT OF AGE-RELATED #NEURODEGENERATIVE DISEASES🍠🧠🧓

CUR > anti-amyloid, anti-inflammatory and neuroprotective > anti-neurodegenerative

🔬Components: curcuminoids, Tumerones mdpi.com/1422-0067/19/6…
🍠CUR pleiotropic actions on the CNS🧠

▶️ Anti-amyloid property:
- Inhibits > amyloid aggregation, Aß oligomers and Aß fibrils in Alzheimer's Disease
- Inhibits α-synuclein aggregation in Parkinson's Disease
- Inhibits Huntingtin in Huntington's Disease

ZINC HOMEOSTASIS IN DIABETES MELLITUS AND VASCULAR COMPLICATIONS


Zinc acts as an insulin mimetic through its direct effect on the insulin signaling pathway.  IRS, insulin receptor substrate mdpi.com/2227-9059/10/1…
Zinc homeostasis in pancreatic beta cells includes multiple ZnT and ZIP transporters with ZnT8 transporters specific to pancreatic cell ISGs

NEW EVIDENCE OF THE IMPACT OF MITOCHONDRIA ON HEALTH AND KIDNEY DISEASE

🔬Analyses of human kidney biopsy samples have shown that alterations in NAD synthesis in the context of kidney injury < cause mitochondrial dysfunction nature.com/articles/s4158…
and release of mitochondrial RNA < triggering the RIG-I pathway < pcausing inflammation, fibrosis and acidosis

🧬Transcriptome analyzes suggest that kidney injury may be related in part to the severity of mitochondrial injury and the degree of deregulation of NAD synthesis

Montelukast (MK) and Acute Coronary Syndrome (SCA): The Endowed Drug

⬜SCA < active LT < LTB4, LTC4 and LTD4 < Proinflammatory and Immunothrombus

⬜LT < ⬆️CysLTR (Cysteine ​​leukotriene) < ⬆️Platelets and Coagulation Factors < ⬆️Coronary thrombus
mdpi.com/1424-8247/15/9… ⚠️ Leukotriene pathway involved: Atherosclerosis, Hypertrophy and Heart Failure

💊MK >⬇️Via LT and ⬇️CysLTR > ⬇️CV complications
link.springer.com/article/10.100…

CORTICOSTEROIDS IN DENGUE IMMUNE PATHOLOGY🦟:
🎯PROPOSED USE OF #DEXAMETHASONE🎯 IN MODERATE/SEVERE #DENGUE cegh.net/article/S2213-… Four categories are presented according to the action of steroids on:
1️⃣ innate immunity,
2️⃣ T cells, B cells and antibodies,
3️⃣ the complement system and
4️⃣ hematological manifestations.
@drakchaurasia @Aguirre1Gustavo

Magnesium in Obesity, Metabolic Syndrome, and Type 2 Diabetes

1️⃣Mg2+ Deficiency

Causes: los dietary Mg ínstame, impared gastrointestinal absorption, drugs, ethanol abuse, genetic factors, impaired renal function Moderate/subclinical deficiency of Mg 2+ induces low-grade chronic inflammation < inflammatory cytokines and production of free radicals < hypertension, cardiovascular disorders, metabolic syndrome and diabetes
tandfonline.com/doi/full/10.21…
openheart.bmj.com/content/5/1/e0…

#WALKING🚶‍♂️ CAN HALF THE INFLUENCE OF GENES ON #OBESITY

❎ Watching too much television📺 can worsen your genetic tendency towards obesity,
✅ But you can cut the effect in half if you walk briskly for an hour a day🚶‍♂️⌚, report researchers at the sciencedaily.com/releases/2012/… American Heart Association's 2012 Scientific Sessions on Epidemiology and Prevention/Nutrition, Physical Activity and Metabolism

❌A sedentary lifestyle🛌 marked by watching TV 4 hours a day increased genetic influence by 50 percent👀

Food😋 sources of neurotransmitters🧠
mdpi.com/2072-6643/10/5… Sources of #Acetylcholine (ACh):
Eggplant, bitter orange, common bean, foxglove, mistletoe, mung bean, nettle, pea, radish, spinach, pumpkin, wild strawberry.

WHAT TIME DEADLINE IS IDEAL FOR DINNER WITHOUT AFFECTING OUR HEALTH? frontiersin.org/articles/10.33…

>Nonagenarians and Centenarians were studied in a city in Italy. ➡️It was shown that his longevity was based on:
✔️Eat vegetables🥬, fruits🍎 and animal protein (meat)🥩
✔️Moderate physical activity continues🏃‍♂️🚶‍♂️
✔️Low carbohydrate diet

😋Consumption of #KIWI 🥝 improves #DREAM 😴

✔️ Kiwis have been shown to contain melatonin (24 µg/g) 👉 regulates circadian rhythm 👉 reconciles and maintains sleep.
✔️ Kiwis contain serotonin (5.8 µg / g) 👉 improves sleep and mood. ✔️Kiwis contain folate 👉 improve folate status 👉 improve sleep
Since Folate (Vit. B9) deficiency has been linked to insomnia and restless leg syndrome.

The #HEPATOCINS🧬 induced by #EXERCISE🏃‍♂️

✔️Improves insulin sensitivity, inflammation and mitochondrial function
✔️IMPROVING AND PREVENTING: METABOLIC SYNDROME, HYPERTENSION, TYPE 2 DIABETES AND NON-ALCOHOLIC FATTY LIVER DISEASE (NAFLD)🔥 Exercise not only induces secretion of myokines (skeletal muscle) but also Hepatokins 👉 proteins secreted by the liver

✅Type of exercise Frequency 👉Hepatocin👉Effect

🏃‍♂️Aerobic, 90 min/day, 3-5 days/week👉Adropin🧬👉reduces arterial stiffness and improves endothelial function

Synergistic Action of Membrane-Bound and Water-Soluble Antioxidants in Neuroprotection:
ZEAXANTHIN, LUTEIN, VITAMIN E, VITAMIN C AND OMEGA-3
mdpi.com/1420-3049/26/1… The potential of dietary micronutrients to maintain membrane fluidity and prevent chronic inflammation focuses on membrane-soluble components that act synergistically (zeaxanthin, lutein, vitamin E and AGPI omega-3) and water-soluble components (vitamin C and various phenols).

#IDEAS💡

DENGUE VIRUS > A HEPATOTROPE CAUSING HEPATOTOXICITY & HEPATITIS (HEPATOBILIARY TREE)🦟
ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/P…
DENV and its effects on the liver: DENV causes a disorder of the liver ranging from direct, hypoxic, ischemic viral injury to a dysregulated immune response resulting in apoptosis and necrosis

#CARICAPAPAYA 🌿
Carica from the Greek “karike”, name of a fig tree. PAPAYA, derives from the Mayan "páapay-ya" which means marbled sapote (sweet-tasting fruit). Benefits:
sciencedirect.com/science/articl…
✔️ ANTIDENGUE

hindawi.com/journals/jpr/2…
✔️Malaria

cell.com/heliyon/fullte…
✔️Antidiabetic

#IDEAS💡
1️⃣ PART

HEMORRHAGIC FEVER DUE TO #DENGUE VIRUS 🦟 MECHANISM #ADE and #MIF
pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/36016361/
Antibody Dependent Enhancement (ADE): favorable ″bad″ antibodies for viral infections pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/33123500/
✅Intrinsic ADE: the dark side of antibody-dependent enhancement during dengue infection

The risk of severe dengue disease occurs during secondary infection with a different virus serotype than the previous infection...

The genes necessary for the entry of SARS-CoV-2 into human cells, ACE2 and FURIN
The repressors and activators of the ACE2 and FURIN genes were identified based on analyzes of gene overexpression and silencing experiments 🔹Repressors👉 (VDR; GATA5; SFTPC; HIF1a) and
🔹Activators👉 (HMGA2; INSIG1; RUNX1; HNF4a; JNK1/c-FOS)

IONS IN BONE REPAIR

Bioactive glass is actually an old friend, having been developed around 50 years ago. Due to its bone growth promoting properties, it has since been often used in regenerative medicine as a bone replacement material or in dentistry. Bioactive glass can be combined with biopolymers for wound treatment. This produces a flexible and transparent material for dressings for chronic wounds, such as those that can occur in patients with diabetes.