My Authors
Read all threads
🧵 AKI and #COVID19

68 yo ♂️ PMH obesity, HTN, CAD w stent, OSA, T2DM
➡️ ED w SOB + fever 39.9°C. Poor oral intake

RR 40, Sat 94% Room Air, BP 157/74 HR 124. Alert. Bibasilar crackles

Labs: Cr 1.3 (baseline 0.8), WBC 10, K 5.4, HCO3 17, CK 184. UA and CXR👇 (case from @NEJM)
How would you manage this AKI initially? What is the likely cause of AKI in patients with #COVID19? (this last question discussed in thread 🧵)
No easy answer except to say that FENa is very unlikely to be useful. It is not unreasonable to try fluids for AKI in the setting of perceived hypovolemia. However, this gets complicated when the potential for worsening ARDS exists. I'll try to tackle the answers one by one 💪
1⃣FENa: Hypovolemia + normal tubular function should lead to ⬆️Na reabsorption and a FENa < 1%. Tubular injury ➡️ inappropriate Na wasting ➡️FENa > 3%. 🚨Patchy tubular, glomerular and vascular disease can cause falsely low FENa thus is a poor predictor of fluid responsiveness.
2⃣Evaluation of "volume status" using traditional clinical exam is not reliable. Hx of poor oral intake makes an empiric fluid challenge tempting. However some concerns in this case: Pt age, BMI and PMH (CAD, HTN, OSH, DM) put him at increased risk of having preexisting HFpEF
Infusing 1 L of HES to patients with compensated HFpEF altered intra-renal venous flow and this induced diuretic resistance. Increased CVP and alterations of IRVF have been linked to worsening renal function (Renosarca). ARDS / Sepsis is already a sign of poor volume tolerance🚨
Ideally you would want to know if patient will respond to fluids before giving them. This is hard to do on the ED. However, the reason to give fluids would be to increase ♥️stroke volume. If stroke volume is normal/high, fluids make no sense! This can be measured easily!
You should also want to asses venous congestion before giving fluids. Lung Ultrasound is going to be useless because of ARDS. #IVC can help a LOT if you ask the right questions. A plethoric IVC means pt is unlikely to respond to fluids thinkingcriticalcare.com/2019/03/13/my-…
#POCUS evaluation of stroke volume (LVOT VTI) and volume tolerance (IVC) takes 1-2 minutes and can add a ton of valuable information before deciding to give fluids!
If pt is transferred to the ICU and advanced monitoring is available, CO monitoring with Passive leg rise (PLR) guided fluid resuscitation has been shown to decrease the need for dialysis and mechanical ventilation.

*Before performing PLR authors determined if SV was inadequate
3⃣HCO3 drip can be useful for patients with AKI, especially to manage ⬆️K. Increasing blood pH shifts potassium into cells and thereby improves hyperkalemia 4.2% HCO3 could be better than isotonic if volume tolerance is a concern. Read this by @PulmCrit emcrit.org/pulmcrit/bicar…
Etiology of AKI in #COVID19 is likely to be complex. Definitely some patients can present with severe diarrhea and could have a component of volume depletion. However, it is likely that most AKI is not a volume problem
Reports from 🇨🇳 show ⬆️incidence of hematuria and proteinuria (as in this patient). Autopsies show tubular necrosis, obstruction of peritubular capillary lumens and glomerular capillary loops. Today @NEJM published convincing evidence of #SARSCov2 directly involving the kidney!
This patient was actually given 2 L IV fluid with no improvement on kidney function. Eventually required RRT with CRRT. Given I know nothing about CRRT, I hope my good friend @galindozip can complement this thread with his awesome knowledge!
Thank you for reading! Here is a link to the full case: nejm.org/doi/full/10.10…
Adding this Awesome study by @VelezNephHepato. Pre-renal Azotemia in 9% of patients! kidney360.asnjournals.org/content/early/…
Missing some Tweet in this thread? You can try to force a refresh.

Enjoying this thread?

Keep Current with Eduardo R Argaiz

Profile picture

Stay in touch and get notified when new unrolls are available from this author!

Read all threads

This Thread may be Removed Anytime!

Twitter may remove this content at anytime, convert it as a PDF, save and print for later use!

Try unrolling a thread yourself!

how to unroll video

1) Follow Thread Reader App on Twitter so you can easily mention us!

2) Go to a Twitter thread (series of Tweets by the same owner) and mention us with a keyword "unroll" @threadreaderapp unroll

You can practice here first or read more on our help page!

Follow Us on Twitter!

Did Thread Reader help you today?

Support us! We are indie developers!


This site is made by just two indie developers on a laptop doing marketing, support and development! Read more about the story.

Become a Premium Member ($3.00/month or $30.00/year) and get exclusive features!

Become Premium

Too expensive? Make a small donation by buying us coffee ($5) or help with server cost ($10)

Donate via Paypal Become our Patreon

Thank you for your support!