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I will deal with the Muslim part later.

Let's deal with Britain GAVE us industries. A lie digested by many in India. Blue tick moron 🙄
The EIC established a shipping monopoly. Indian carpenters , blacksmiths etc could not build a ship unless it had EIC blessings.
19th century laws meant that a ship sailing to England as a rule should have 80% British officers. No Indian could command a ship built by Indians at Bombay Dockyard.
The British Government established a cartel which cut rates to dirt cheap levels and finished all competition.

102 Indian Shipping Companies .. industry which apparently Britain gave us... Closed down. With a total lost capital of over 50crore.
A similar cartel, involving Jute, had sprung up in Bengal. It is to JD Birlas credit he managed to somehow managed to find his way.
" Indians will never make good officers"

- one luminary at opening of a seaman training college as late as 1927.
Walchand Hirachand went to USA to try get help for opening a car factory in India.

Wasn't allowed.
VO Chidambaram Pillai started a shipping company. Many ships were accidented. On some flimsy reason he was sent to 40yrs in prison.

His crime was challenging British Government monopoly in Indian waters by opening a legal trade.
The car factory I meant wasn't allowed to be opened in India.
VO Chidambaram had to struggle under the Oil Press while in prison.

They allowed Indians to build ships - at British shipyards in Britain. But an Indian shipyard managed and owned by Indians ? Sorry.. wasn't happening.
Gave us ships ? What do I do with the metal box ? India's stunted growth meant that it was only in 1950 that a ship fully manned and officered by Indians sailed out.
In face of all odds , Walchand Hirachand managed to somehow build a shipping company. In 1939 it had 19 ships.

Brave Britain weilded the law and took 16 of these Merchant Vessels into the war.

1 British ship out of 7 available was deployed on the other hand.
Universities. Yes, maybe the modern University as we know it is a British invention. And why were they established ?

What is now IIT Roorkee was formed to provide Engineers for Grand Trunk Road project

COEP was created to provide Engineers for Bombay Poona road & Pune PWD.
So no, British did not start universities for India. But for themselves.
India would have got its ships machinery colleges whatever from Japan Russia USA .. lots of places. How did Iron Curtain Middle Kingdom industrialize ? British Empire went there too ?
Railways were built -

1. Facilitate rapid troop movements. Hence all those Cantt this and Cantt that stations.

2. Quick way to get produce to the ports.

Helping us today, but built literally as the sinews of the empire. Not a gift by a mile.
Yeah Nehruvian socialism held India back, British rule held it back even further.
At the 103rd attempt, the SS Loyalty managed to sail to England.

Lord Inchcape, with Government help, ensured it was very difficult to find 1500 tons of cargo to sail back.

Walchand Hirachand payed out of his company's own pocket to purchase cargo.
Sir Abdul Karim Jamal , rice baron in Burma. Knighted , given award of CIE - was embroiled in a Rs 8 lakh litigation with the British government, just because he decided to transport his cargo on an Indian ship owned by Walchand.
British Empire was downright racist towards Indian Industrialists.
No less a Congress leader than Nehru had to take up the cause of an Indian Automobile Industry with the British.

Even he could manage to budge the Empire for a simple car factory.
So much help, I am touched. 😪
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