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(1) Three nearby counties that fared worse than New York City:

Passaic County, NJ (Passaic River)
Rockland County, NY (West Lower Hudson River)
Westchester County, NY (East Lower Hudson River)
(2) The Passaic River should sound familiar to you. It secured funding to plan its third EPA Superfund clean-up in 2016, estimated to cost $1.4B. In 2018, 15 settling parties agreed to pay for the clean-up.

In addition to PCBs, Mercury, Dioxin, ....

ourpassaic.org/EarlyAction.as…
(3) The Lower Passaic River is a dumping ground for Combined Sewer Overflow (CSO) and Stormwater Overflow (SWO) outfalls.
(4) The Lower Hudson River is also a collector of upstream tributaries and their pollution, and it is also known for Combined Sewer Overflow (CSO) outfalls.

politico.com/states/new-yor…

riverkeeper.org/campaigns/stop…
(5) Three county #COVID19 Hot Spots; Three locations plagued by pollution and sewer overflows.

Food for thought.
(6) Credits and References:

@nytimes
ourpassaic.org
@politico
riverkeeper.org

ourpassaic.org/EarlyAction.as…

politico.com/states/new-yor…

riverkeeper.org/wp-content/upl…

riverkeeper.org/wp-content/upl…

riverkeeper.org/water-quality
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Magilla Gorilla 39
@39Magilla
@szetoinsitu They have emergency gates to dump the Chicago River and Chicago Sanitary and Shipping Channel (CSSC) into lake Michigan to prevent flooding.

Normally it flows from the Northside past downtown, picking up the Chicago River and into the CSSC, joins the Calumet and flows SW.
@szetoinsitu Normal flow is south on the North south rivers and then to the South West. The Chicago River and bend to the Sanitary Channel have gates to allow flushing to Lake Michigan in times of flooding emergency.
@szetoinsitu They had record rainfall and flushed the river and channel on 5/17. Shortly thereafter, there cases declined.

news.wttw.com/2020/05/18/rec…
Read 8 tweets
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Magilla Gorilla 39
@39Magilla
(1) Estimation of U.S. sewer residence time distributions for national-scale risk assessment

Larger volume sewer systems have longer mean residence times.

US mean: 3.3h
Small Towns: ~1h
Large Cities: ~8h

sciencedirect.com/science/articl…
(2) Other factors (you'd probably prefer not to know):

Slurry solids and trapped gases have longer residence times than liquids.

Combined stormwater and sewer systems have larger total volumes and are impacted by rain (sized to handle moderate rain).
(3) During a dry spell, a combined stormwater and sewer system (CSSS) next to a hospital w/COVID19 patients or a quarantine center, could have very high levels of COVID19 in its sewer pipes.

Wuhan research reports levels 15X higher than seen in Wastewater treatment samples.
Read 4 tweets
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Magilla Gorilla 39
@39Magilla
(1) Fecal-Aerosol/Fecal-Oral #COVID19 vectors:

I have taken a break from my research on this topic. I've already posted a great deal of material; my intent is not to create panic, but to raise awareness.

Newcomers: this link is a good place to start:
threadreaderapp.com/thread/1272544…
(2) I am concerned that Super-Spreader environments like bars, churches and choirs have been "assumed" to be due to sputum-oral/sputum-aerosol transmission, when these environments also have shared restrooms.
(3) Recent studies of the street protestors in Minnesota & elsewhere have surprisingly found very little #COVID19 spread at these events.

People have "assumed" this is due to the efficacy of masks.
Read 12 tweets

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