2/ No country has explicitly adopted a #stratifiedlockdown, but many have implicitly defaulted into some version of it.
That is, governments haven't ordered older people and their cohabitants to stay home, but they do recommend those in vulnerable groups to be extremely careful.
3/ As a result:
Many older people have chosen to live in a soft lockdown: no venturing into public spaces unless strictly necessary, few visits with relatives, regular use of face masks.
Many young people, feeling at low risk, have reverted to pre-pandemic social interactions.
4/ That is, some elements of a stratified lockdown are already in place.
Is a soft #stratifiedlockdown a reasonable compromise to reduce human / health / economic costs?
With so much more data, can modelers now quantify whether this is a viable strategy?
1/ One day everyone will recognize #selectionbias due to a #collider and the world will be a better place.
This time observational studies found a higher risk of omicron reinfection after a 3rd dose of #COVID19 vaccine. As usual, alarms went off.
Can you see the obvious bias?
2/ Those who receive a booster and get infected are, on average, more susceptible to infection than those who don't receive a booster and get infected.
So no surprise than those who receive a booster and get infected are more likely to get reinfected.
1/ Our findings on a fourth dose (2nd booster) of the Pfizer-BioNTech #COVID19 vaccine are now published.
Compared with 3 doses only, a fourth dose had 68% effectiveness against COVID-19 hospitalization during the Omicron era in persons over 60 years of age.
@ProfMattFox 1/
The odds ratio from a case-control study is an unbiased estimator of the
a. odds ratio in the underlying cohort when we sample controls among non-cases
b. rate ratio in the underlying cohort when we use with incidence density sampling
No rare outcome assumption required.
@ProfMattFox 2/
Because the odds ratio is approximately equal to the risk ratio when the outcome is rare, the odds ratio from a case-control study approximates the risk ratio in the underlying cohort when we sample controls among non-cases and the outcome is rare.
But...
@ProfMattFox 3/
... for an unbiased estimator of the risk ratio (regardless of the outcome being rare), we need a case-base design, not a classical case-control design.
Of course, all of the above only applies to time-fixed treatments or exposures.