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(1/3) Report of a #COVID19 cluster in a nursing home ward, likely the result of aerosol transmission associated with the use of a CO2-controlled ventilation system and air conditioning. #SARSCoV2 RNA detected in dust in AC mesh and ventilation filters.
academic.oup.com/cid/advance-ar…
(2/3) Aerosol transmission is supported by the high attack rate for residents (81%) and staff (50%) on only one ward in a very short time.

No staff or residents tested positive in any of the other 6 wards in the nursing home.
(3/3) Additionally, the affected ward was fitted with a ventilation system which only brought in outside air when CO2 levels exceeded 1000 ppm. The residents may not have been active enough to trigger air exchange.

The other wards were all ventilated with air from outside.
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Dr Zoë Hyde
@DrZoeHyde
(1/5) Study of a possible case of #SARSCoV2 transmission involving faecal aerosols in an apartment building. Families in vertically aligned flats on the 25th and 27th floors may have been infected by aerosols produced by toilet flushing on the 15th floor.
acpjournals.org/doi/10.7326/M2…
(2/5) Dried-out floor and/or bath drains are hypothesised to have enabled aerosols to enter the apartments via the vertical drainage stack linking them. This is supported by an environmental sample from an empty flat on floor 16 testing positive.
(3/5) During the follow-up investigation, tracer gas released in the toilet on floor 15 was able to reach multiple apartments, including the apartments on the 25th and 27th floor in which the hypothesised secondary cases lived.
Read 5 tweets
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Dr Zoë Hyde
@DrZoeHyde
(1/5) Study of 91 children with #COVID19 from South Korea, showing that symptom screening will fail to identify the majority of cases in children, and that viral RNA can be detected for an unexpectedly long time.
jamanetwork.com/journals/jamap…
(2/5) Children were tested if they had a history of close contact with a known case, had an epidemiological link to an outbreak, had arrived from abroad, or had symptoms suggestive of #COVID19. This means the study is likely representative, as few cases are missed in South Korea.
(3/5) Approximately one-fifth of children (22%) were asymptomatic.

Of the children who were symptomatic, 66% had symptoms which went unrecognised before they were tested.

Only 6 children (9%) were diagnosed at the time of symptom onset.
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Dr Zoë Hyde
@DrZoeHyde
(1/3) A new pre-print study (interpret cautiously) sheds light on how #SARSCoV2 might damage the heart.

Attempting to achieve herd immunity without a vaccine is a grave error.

Press release:
biospace.com/article/releas…

Study:
biorxiv.org/content/10.110…
(2/3) In the study, researchers exposed human heart cells to #SARSCoV2 in a laboratory, and observed highly unusual changes.

They then compared the laboratory findings to heart tissue obtained from 3 deceased #COVID19 patients and found similar changes.
(3/3) It is unclear if such changes are common.

However, heart abnormalities have been detected in patients who experienced moderate #COVID19.

These abnormalities might predispose to heart disease later in life.
sciencedirect.com/science/articl…
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