Covid (@UCSF) Chronicles, Day 236

1/ I don’t know any scientists or clinicians who aren’t thrilled about Biden’s victory tinyurl.com/y43cwpln The only way to defeat Covid is by being frank about the challenges while following the science & evidence. Biden will do all of that.
2/ Biden is set to introduce his Covid team tomorrow, led by Obama's surgeon general @vivek_murthy, & @DavidAKesslerMD, former FDA head (& ex-@UCSF dean) tinyurl.com/y2rwyaks I know both well & am confident that they’ll be excellent leaders. (Role of M. Nunez-Smith still TBD.)
3/ Biden’s decision to announce this task force as his first major act as Prez-elect is important & strategic. He knows that if he doesn’t get the pandemic under control there’s little else he will achieve as #46.

And, it goes without saying that the administration’s success…
4/ … in dealing with Covid could well determine whether more than 100,000 Americans live or die. To borrow Biden’s whispered remark to Obama when the Affordable Care Act passed, dealing effectively with Covid is “a big f-ing deal.” tinyurl.com/yyb6duor
5/ As I mentioned in my prior thread , Biden's first days will be colored by the state of the pandemic on 1/20/21. One can paint a scenario in which the current surge is improving – the prior 2 phases (spring & summer) each peaked & fell in about 2 months…
6/ … So, if this surge follows suit, cases could be falling by late January, which would allow the Biden administration to concentrate on preventing a fourth surge (through promoting masking/distancing/etc. and enacting a strong testing and contact tracing plan)…
7/ … along with making plans to distribute one or more vaccines (if approved).

Conversely, its an equally plausible scenario that combo of more cold weather, X-mas & Covid fatigue means we’re still surging on Jan 20, making B's first days far harder tinyurl.com/y2qmalgn...
8/ In either case, the transition will be for planning but also for setting a tone: one in which competence is expected & celebrated, expert opinion is elicited & heeded, & every effort is made to reach out to both policy makers (esp. governors) & citizens (esp. in red states)…
9/ … encouraging all to take the threat seriously and act responsibly.

Will it work? The pandemic response to date has been so partisan, it’s hard to know. But perhaps a major uptick in cases, hospitalizations, and deaths will create the opportunity for a teachable moment.
10/ The transition team has released an early plan tinyurl.com/y4hu3n38 My summary of the plan is below (figure); it seems perfectly sound to me.

Rather than looking at the plan by initiative (ie, testing, vaccines), I find it helpful to view it through a different lens…
11/ namely, by the type of change that's needed to make it work. I find this lens useful, because it helps illustrate what Biden might be able to do, & when. The four main categories are:

a) Policy changes, b) Changing behavior, c) Scientific advances, and d) Logistics & Ops.
12/ First category is Policy. Biden has signaled his preference for a nat'l mask “mandate,” though his power to enforce such a thing is limited tinyurl.com/y55jyc2c. (Too bad: this paper tinyurl.com/y3kthorg shows universal masking could save >100K lives.) What can he do?
13/ He can, and likely will, require masks on federal property, & maybe in interstate travel. Most interesting question will be whether he, or Congress, will threaten to withhold fed funding (such as public health or hospital support $ s) to states that fail to enact mandates.
14/ Of course, the more aggressive Biden is, the more pushback he’ll get from red state guvs. His likelier path, then, will be to promote masks thru the bully pulpit, visibly supporting CDC & creating regional/state dashboards that allow one to see (& compare) the state of Covid.
15/ Even w/ mandates, it’s unlikely we’ll see people fined (or even cited) for not wearing masks. So the next area of focus is Behavior. How can he convince people to wear masks? To be tested when appropriate? To answer a call from a contact tracer? To isolate? To take a vaccine?
16/ Biden's talk of unity – during the campaign & in last night’s speech – is an effort to move in this direction. Will it work – who knows? There seems little hope that highly political issues like tax cuts or judges can be de-partisanized. But masks? Maybe, if he succeeds in…
17/ … convincing people that it's non-sensical for mask-wearing to be a sign of which team you root for. Rather, wearing a mask shows your concern for yourself, your family, & your community. Not an easy sell, but do-able, w/ a combo of evidence, role-modeling, gentle shaming…
18/ …and a powerful public campaign, involving influencers of all types. Getting this right will teach us a lot about the prospects for successfully dealing with a similar, maybe harder, behavioral challenge that we hope to face in a few months: getting people to take a vaccine.
19/ Job 1 there will be to reestablish the FDA as a science-driven org whose approval is seen as ironclad evidence that a vaccine is safe & effective. But more will be needed to prevent vaccines, like masks, from getting mired in partisan politics. Perhaps a Republican FDA chief?
20/ The next category is Science. Here, the agenda's clearer: continued support for scientific research on epi/prevention, on therapeutics, and on vaccines. Giving credit where it’s due, this latter category is the one area of Covid in which the Trump team did quite well.
21/ The final category: Logistics & Operations, the boring stuff that makes all the difference. Biden’s experience in running the federal recovery program in '09-10 will be very useful. There will be plenty of opportunities in this category: getting more test kits manufactured…
22/… and distributed. Ditto PPE. And, as the FDA green-lights them, vaccines. This is the last-mile stuff that will determine whether the plans really work. It will take competence, patience, and focus – qualities the Trump administration never mastered, but Biden’s likely will.
23/ Biden’s job in the next 2 mths is to set the stage for all of this: by bringing in experts, developing smart, realistic plans, working w/ various stakeholders (particularly those who didn’t vote for him), & creating a plan marked by empathy, competence, & respect for science.
24/ It may seem like a moonshot, but it’s really not that hard. We now know a ton about the virus, how to prevent its spread, & how best to treat Covid. We also know what it’s costing us: in lives, money, & peace of mind. So finding the dollars to defeat it should be fairly easy.
25/ The challenge is to develop a science-driven plan & then to execute it. And, mostly, to win hearts and minds. Assuming we’re realistic about the challenges, particularly the hearts and minds part, it seems achievable.

No harder, really, than beating an incumbent president.

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More from @Bob_Wachter

9 Nov
Covid (@UCSF) Chronicles, Day 237

Didn't plan to tweet today, but can’t resist a few quick takes on @pfizer vaccine news tinyurl.com/yygwoxwf

90% efficacy is far better than even most optimistic projections. An election analogy: these are CA results, rather than PA. (1/16)
The 90% is for preventing symptomatic disease (ie, fever, cough). But we don’t know yet how well this vaccine prevents severe symptoms that lead to hospitalizations, ICU admissions, & death. That’ll be key. It seems likely it will, but that still needs to be demonstrated. (2/16)
Now that the efficacy data are out, the next big question is safety. The need to wait two months to observe at least half the volunteers is the reason the vaccine won’t be ready to be considered by @US_FDA for an Emergency Use Authorization (EUA) until later this month. (3/16)
Read 16 tweets
6 Nov
Covid (@UCSF) Chronicles, Day 233

1/ Today was an amazing @UCSF Dept. of Medicine grand rounds. We discussed the election and its impact on Covid & healthcare with an all-star crew: @KBibbinsDomingo, @ASlavitt, and @ZekeEmanuel. The 1 hour video is here:
2/ I’d normally tweet a long summary of the chat, but I’ll be honest: between obsessively watching cable (how does @JohnKingCNN stay awake?) & refreshing this addictive swing-state calculator (tinyurl.com/y5e3lecj try it!), I don’t have the energy. So just a few take-aways.
3/ I hope you’ll find the time to watch the far-ranging discussion. We covered how a President Biden (now a near-certainty, as both PA and GA are poised to flip) will and should handle the transition and the early days of his presidency, both in terms of healthcare and Covid.
Read 14 tweets
3 Nov
Covid (@UCSF) Chronicles, Day 230

1/ @NateSilver538 & team @538politics tell us that Biden has a 90% chance of winning. If he does, many things will change, but when it comes to the unmitigated disaster that is the scourge of Covid , it’s important to avoid magical thinking.
2/ A Biden administration won’t be able to turn this thing around on a dime. So today, after an overview of the state of the pandemic (SF and then the broader nation), I’ll give you my take on how a Biden administration may approach Covid in its initial days.
3/ Let’s start with the view from SF. Given porous borders, with the rest of the U.S. surging it would be shocking to see no uptick in our numbers. So my real question is not whether we’re seeing a few more cases – we are. It’s whether the uptick is manageable, or out of control.
Read 25 tweets
28 Oct
Covid (@UCSF) Chronicles, Day 224

1/ When I walk or drive around SF, I see evidence of why Covid cases & deaths are the lowest of any big city in the U.S. Masking is near universal, Ubers & Lyfts have their windows wide open, & there are pop-up outdoor eating spaces everywhere.
2/ So, as we enter a 3rd wave that's blanketing the nation, I’ll focus today on San Francisco – specifically the question of whether SF can continue its remarkable Covid success in the face of a national surge, one far more geographically distributed than the prior two waves.
3/ I’ll go out on a limb and say yes… and hope that I’m not proven wrong.

History is with us: when all of California began to surge in June, SF was able to turn it around – whereas much of the rest of CA didn’t and was hit far harder. Ditto for the southern states.
Read 21 tweets
27 Oct
Note that as hospitals get overwhelmed – as appears to be happening in many regions – the welcome fall in mortality rates we've seen since March may erode. While some of the mortality improvements can be explained by proven benefits of dexamethasone (+/- remdesivir) and... (1/3)
... changing demographics (younger & healthier patients), much of it was due to improvements in hospital care and less overwhelmed MD and nursing staffs. If hospitals get hammered, as they were in NY in the spring, I'd expect an uptick in these mortality rates, sadly. (2/3)
Today's curves (cases top; deaths bottom) show the huge surge in cases & usual lag in deaths (though deaths starting to rise). Whether these curves ultimately rise in sync will hinge on whether hospitals & ICUs can avoid being overwhelmed. Current situation isn't promising. (3/3)
Read 4 tweets
27 Oct
I've flown a few times based on my perception of low – but non-zero – risk. This new report of a big outbreak on a 7-hour Irish flight tinyurl.com/y4fs2y7f doesn't change the overall risk calculus (still very low, if passengers wear masks) but adds to the evidence that...(1/3)
... Covid risk is not evenly distributed. The average risk of an encounter is actually a combo of many, many low-risk encounters, combined a few high-risk ones (super-spreader events) tinyurl.com/yxmykmu9. The problem is that there's no good way to predict super-... (2/3)
... spreader events, so we're stuck with dealing w/ "average" risk. This paper tinyurl.com/y4ce3mwh, which estimates the risk of catching Covid from a 2-hr flight at ~1-in-5000, is still what I go by. Based on it, I won't fly for fun or to a mtg, but will fly if crucial. (3/3)
Read 4 tweets

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