The UK government is flying blind, introducing policies without proper prior assessment of their likely impact on the epidemic or the economy. This is now completely clear. Below I'll go through what we now know.
#EconTwitter #lockdown 1/15
On Oct 18, I wrote a long thread about the misalignment between disease control advice received by the government from SAGE and the economic advice received by the Treasury. 2/15
I pointed out that disjointed advice was just not useful and that integrated economic-epidemiological analysis was badly needed. These are very complicated issues and we cannot afford to wing it and hope for the best. 3/15
According to minutes of SAGE meeting on Sep 21 "Policy makers will need to consider analysis of economic impacts and the associated harms alongside this epidemiological assessment. This work is underway under the auspices of the Chief Economist" 4/15
gov.uk/government/pub…
While siloing of expertise will lead to avoidable mistakes, disjointed advice is surely better than nothing. But on Nov 5, we learn from the Chancellor that "There does not exist a specific prediction or forecasts" 5/15
At the Nov 11 meeting of the Treasury Committee, the Chief Economist was pressed hard to explain exactly what analysis was and was not carried out on the impact of specific measures, such as the closing down of specific sectors. 6/15
We learned that the Treasury does in fact *not* consider any likely impacts of measures on either the epidemic or on the economy 7/15
parliamentlive.tv/Event/Index/9a…
Instead the Treasury seems to passively track the economy, noting the effects that previous measures have had. So no impact studies. Policies are introduced and then the effects are noted. 8/15
According to the Chief Economist, the Treasury doesn’t model potential impact of policies because it’s hard and not the kind of analysis they are used to doing. But we are assured that all social, health and economic considerations are taken into account by policy makers. 9/15
The OBR’s modelling of the disease’s impact on the economy feeds into the Treasury’s analysis, we were told. Unfortunately, it only considers the impact of disease on the public finances and not much more. 10/15
The OBR's modeling is epidemiologically too simplistic to be useful for integrated economic-epidemiological policy making, assuming a return to normality over 3 months after the 3 month lockdown. 11/15
file:///C:/Users/toxva/Downloads/The_OBRs_coronavirus_analysis.pdf
None of this is reassuring. The interaction between the economy and the epidemic is extremely complex. Politicians cannot be expected to balance all these considerations without the benefit of carefully considered advice. It’s just not realistic. 12/15
Having SAGE think about the disease side of things through SPI-M & SPI-B and the Treasury about the economics, without proper integration, leaves politicians with the impossible task of performing their own complicated interdisciplinary analysis. This is asking too much. 13/15
Policy mistakes have been made. Going forward, we can only hope that the different sets of advisors and the relevant government departments step up and make broadly informed analysis. 14/15
Policy proposals must be formulated on the basis of an integrated view of the social, economic and health consequences of different measures. Not on each of these in separation. 15/15
Link to OBR analysis: obr.uk/coronavirus-an…

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More from @toxvaerd1

12 Nov
I've been trying for some time to find a killer metaphor for why it's worth taking a short-term economic hit to better control the epidemic and thereby improve both future health and increase future economic prosperity. 1/5
#EconTwitter #EpiTwitter
Most people immediately recognise static tradeoffs such as "more of one thing means less of another thing". That's why the infamous "lives versus the economy" has gained such traction in the public debate. 2/5
Right now we face important "inter-temporal" tradeoffs. This means we must trade off costs and benefits today versus costs and benefits tomorrow. The epidemic and the economy are both dynamic objects, changing over time as we act in different ways, and they are intertwined. 3/5
Read 5 tweets
11 Nov
The Danish Economic Council’s recent report contains an entire 100 page chapter on economics and epidemiology, complete with self-contained intro to epi models and a review of the new literature. #econtwitter @t0nyyates @DORsSekretariat @DalgaardCarl 1/3
In addition, it contains a number of different policy experiments and a very thorough discussion of the interaction of the economy and the virus. This is seriously impressive policy work and a model for how things can be done. 2/3
Notably, this body is set up to give unbiased, un-politicised advise to guide policy and inform the public. There’s no reason we cannot have a body doing that kind of valuable work in the UK. Who will step up and back such an initiative? 3/3
Read 4 tweets
1 Nov
I think they made two early tactical errors that made it difficult to formulate a comprehensive strategy. (1) lack of early and widespread random texting meant they didn’t understand the scale of the problem. They had only dim idea of speed of spread and of asymptomatic ratio.
(2) by design, they set up silos of expertise that seem to have had minimal mutual communication and coordination. Each would give independent advice on different aspects, and each largely ignoring effects of recommendations on other domain.
I do not want to ignore the tactical missteps as I think they are sufficiently legio to explain many of our problems, even if we disregard the apparent lack of strategy.
Read 8 tweets
1 Nov
In discussing control measures, many people think in terms of intratemporal tradeoffs (health vs wealth), while most economists think also about the intertemporal tradeoffs (health AND wealth today vs health AND wealth tomorrow). 1/17

#EconTwitter #EpiTwitter #lockdowns
I think the latter are more important than the former, but very difficult to articulate in a punchy way. What also complicates things is that we face intertwined disease and economic dynamics. 2/17
Leaving aside disease dynamics, shocks to the economy have complicated effects. Amplification effects can lead shocks to one part of economy to influence other parts and then back again. Propagation effects mean that shocks have additional impact over time. 3/17
Read 17 tweets
30 Oct
It now appears that infection numbers are worse than the “worst case scenario”. What does that mean and does this indicate a failure of the policies that the government has put in place?
1/10
#EconTwitter #epitwitter
bbc.co.uk/news/health-54…
Let’s recall what the “reasonable worst case scenario” means. This is the outcome that epidemiologists think will occur when (i) people do not engage in ANY spontaneous behaviour change to protect themselves and (ii) government imposes NO restrictions on social interactions.
2/10
In other words, it’s what one can predict based solely on biological considerations, knowledge of the disease, environmental factors, population density etc. It intentionally ignores behaviour and policy.
3/10
Read 10 tweets
10 Oct
I like to think of local restrictions in terms of hotspotting, a term from firefighting. Idea is to identify parts that are particularly dangerous or conducive to additional spread and dealing with those first.
But one should not lose sight of the overall fire. We cannot do each local part without an eye to the whole. The big difference is of course that local measures have differential impact on incomes and a global public good is being provided.
This means that we need to compensate for that public good provision. It’s not charity.
Read 4 tweets

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