US Dollar Trends

The Fed Trade Weighted Dollar Index fell another 1% over the past month.

The decline was led by the dollar falling against advanced economies as the dollar was down less against emerging market economies

1)
The Fed's trade-weighted indexes are my preferred US dollar aggregates, far better than popular measures like the $DXY due to the concentration

The USD is down 7% across the board in the last six months.

2)
Surprisingly, the USD is still up on the year relative to EM economies

With exceptions, the USD moves counter to global industrial growth

An industrial boom generally puts downward pressure on safe-haven dollars in exchange for more risk while economies are accelerating

3)
When the USD falls in conjunction with rising industrial commodities and strong manufacturing data, the evidence points towards continued growth and inflationary pressure in the goods sector.

4)
Without the recent surge in goods inflation, the US economy would likely be very near deflation as the inflation rate in the services economy continues to decline.

5)
Over the long-run, the winning FX will be the country that can sustain the highest real interest rates over time.

The highest real interest rates will likely come from the country that can sustain the highest real economic growth rate.

6)
The USD is in a long-term bull market, up 20%-30% against both advanced economies & EM economies

I expect the USD to continue falling as long as the global industrial upturn remains intact

When global industrial growth declines, the USD will resume its multi-year bull rally

7)

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More from @EPBResearch

29 Dec 20
Diminishing Marginal Returns

The productivity of our debt is collapsing and that is creating a major problem.

The problem is here now, and not in the future.

Here is why:

1)
Charted below is the increase in total debt and the increase in nominal GDP in the 8 quarters before each of the last six recessions.

In other words, how much did debt increase, and how much did GDP increase in the final two years of each economic expansion?

2)
As the chart shows, it is taking a larger amount of debt to increase GDP.

3)
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28 Dec 20
M1 money supply is rising at nearly 70% year over year

What is going on and does this mean inflation is coming?

Shorter Answer: No

Longer Answer: Not from the monetary channel

1)
Money supply started to accelerate at the end of March, almost 9 months ago

Inflation was the concern at the time.

"Not in the short-term" but over the long-run was the phrase

9 months later & inflation is lower than when the pandemic started because velocity collapsed

2)
There is a cyclical upturn ongoing in the manufacturing sector which is giving rise to "goods" inflation but that is wholly separate from the (lack of) inflation emerging from the monetary channel that many fear with posts of M1 or M2 money growth.



3)
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23 Dec 20
Congress is threading the needle in terms of timing with the latest COVID relief package.

Personal income, after a massive surge, is about to fall below the pre-pandemic trendline.

Some thoughts on November's Personal Income & Outlays report:

1)
The most important metric for real consumption is real disposable personal income.

Real DPI spiked during the pandemic due to enhanced UI and stimulus checks.

Since April, real DPI has been declining as the withdrawal of stimulus has outpaced the increase in wages.

2)
Real personal income excluding transfer payments also declined in November which means the income drop was not just from a lack of stimulus, there was pressure to core income.

3)
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22 Dec 20
Why you should be expecting “worse than average”…

Graphed below is the trailing 10Y avg in real EPS and real GDP, indexed to 100 in 1990.

Real EPS massively outpaced real GDP (financial engineering gap).
S&P 500 management has done a remarkable job at keeping the long-term growth rate in real EPS between 5%-6%, despite weaker real GDP growth.

The long-term real return for the $SPX has been about 6% and the long-term growth in real EPS has been about 6%.
Over time, stocks track real EPS growth with a wildly varying, yet mean-reverting multiple.

How have managements boosted EPS to nearly 6% in a world of 2% real GDP growth? Tax changes and buybacks mostly.
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November Jobs Report Thread

There is both good news and bad news buried in the report.

Most often, too much attention is paid to the headline month on month numbers.

1)
2) In year over year terms, total nonfarm payrolls did not increase for the first time since the pandemic. Generally, this is a negative.
3) Under the hood, most of the decline was in the government sector so it makes more sense to look at private payrolls in this context.
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Bank credit is comprised of mostly "securities" and "loans"

Securities are mostly US Treasury bonds and Mortgage-backed securities (MBS).

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1) Loans as a % of bank credit have plunged as banks continue to absorb USTs, crowding out private domestic investment.
2) Securities as a % of bank credit is at an all-time high.
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