1) Salah al-Din Yusuf ibn Ayyub (1137 – 4 March 1193), better known simply as Salah ad-Din or Saladin, was a Sunni Kurd and founder of the Ayyubid dynasty. Saladin led the Muslim military campaign against the Crusader states in the Levant...1/5 #science#history#Islam
2) Ibn Jubayr wrote about Saladin. For example, he said, "There is no congregational or ordinary mosque, no mausoleum built over a grave, nor hospital, nor theological college, where the bounty of the Sultan does not extend to all who seek shelter or live in them"...2/5
3) "In those colleges, students found lodging and tutors to teach them the sciences that they desired as well as also allowances to cover their needs. The care of the sultan also granted them baths, hospitals, and the appointment of doctors"...3/5
4) One of Saladin's other generous acts was that every day, 2000 loaves of bread were distributed to the poor. Also impressing Ibn Jubayr in the city was the number of mosques, estimated at between 8,000 and 12,000, with four or five of them often in the same street...4/5
5) Saladin died in Damascus in 119. He is buried in a mausoleum adjacent to the Umayyad Mosque. Saladin has become a prominent figure in Muslim, Arab, Turkish and Kurdish culture, and has been described as the most famous Kurd in history...5/5
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1) The Book of Fixed Stars (كتاب صور الكواكب) is an astronomical text written by Abd al-Rahman al-Sufi (Azophi) around 964. The book was written in Arabic, the common language for scholars across the vast Islamic territories, although the author himself was Persian...1/4 #fact
2) Al-Sufi improved upon Ptolemy’s system. Instead of two brightness categories (‘more bright’ and ‘less bright’), Al-Sufi employed three: (‘less’) (‘greater’), and (‘much-greater’). Ihsan Hafez has recorded 132 stars in Al-Sufi’s work not mentioned by Ptolemy..2/4 #science
3) Al-Sufi's results, as in Ptolemy's Almagest, were set out constellation by constellation. For each constellation, he provided two drawings, one from the outside of a celestial globe, and the other from the inside. ..3/4 #astronomie#science#fact#History