#idtwitter 30 M on beach vacation now comes w/ rash progressive x24h, fever, headache, myalgia x3d. PE: sun exposed areas scattered confluent raised erythematous & pruritic red plaques w/ vesicles & plaques most at same stage. small ulcers+lip. Dx? #medEd#idmedEd#idtiwtter
actinic #varicella post sun exposure. needs airborne isolation
Actinic #varicella is a rare presentation of primary varicella zoster virus infection. Lesions may be arise in same stage unlike typical varicella
possible hypothesis for sun exposure causing #varicella: extensive exposure➡️rapid proliferation of virus into UV-irradiated areas of skin that suffer from local cutaneous inflammation ⬆️capillary permeability➡️localized eruptions.
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immune reconstitution inflammatory syndrome #IRIS exaggerated atypical inflammatory response following initiation of ART either paradoxical worsening or unmasking of a infection
#IRIS memory T cells are redistributed from lymphoid tissue to organs, and the number of CD4+ and CD8+ T cells increases faster than that of regulatory T cells, resulting in an imbalance in the immune system
#Histoplasmosis-associated #IRIS rare with an estimated incidence rate of 0.74 cases per 1000 HIV-infected person-years and may present months after initiation of ART
#Bartonella henselae gram neg bacilli. Human infection is typically associated with cat and flea exposure, particularly young cats. Immunocompetent: typically localized, self-limited lymphadenitis near site of inoculum, cat scratch disease
#bartonella Immunosuppressed pts: risk for dissemination. Solid organ transplantation: increased frequency of cases in renal transplant recipients, followed by liver, then lung and heart transplant recipients
2 major #Schistosoma species in Africa S. mansoni (GI) & S. haematobium (GU). Both species are endemic to Madagascar, where S. mansoni in eastern, central, southern regions & S. haematobium predominant in northwest & west coast. Both species coexist in certain irrigated regions
#idboardreview 40 pig farmer recently got abrasions to his arms and face during a hike, also had duck bite to his finger, presents w/ fever & diffuse annular body rash. Diagnosis? #medEd#idmedEd#idtwitter
Gram-positive facultative anaerobe rod #Erysipelothrix rhusiopathiae. Mainly an occupationally acquired zoonosis transmitted by feces, water, soil, or food scraps contaminated by a wide variety of mammals, birds, and fish
#erysipelothrix is acquired through puncture wounds & scratches of the skin. Occupational zoonosis of butchers, veterinarians, and fishermen. Most important reservoir is healthy domestic swine, up to half of which harbor it their tonsils
#idboardreview 40 F returned from Europe 2 wks ago, has been tired, now w/ F & rash on face quickly spread to trunk & legs involves palms & soles. Pharyngeal erythema, leukopenia, thrombocytopenia, mild transaminitis. Diagnosis? #medEd#idmedEd#IDtwitter
#measles negative-stranded RNA virus that belongs to the genus ‘Morbillivirus’, hence the term morbilliform rash
From Jan-Se2019 >1,200 cases of #measles greatest # of cases in 🇺🇸 since 1992. occurs primarily among unvaccinated children/young adults. Spread via droplet nuclei when an infected person coughs or sneezes. most contagious vaccine-preventable dz w/ 2ndry attack rate 90%
#idboardreview 2 kidney transplant recipients post day 20 present w/ altered mental status, neutrophilic pleocytosis, MRI ring enhancing lesion. No improvement on abx & antivirals. Same donor died w/ dx of ADEM/exposure to wading pool. Diagnosis? #medEd#idmesEd#idtwitter
#Balamuthia amebas can infect skin, brain & other organs of the body. Can begin with skin wound on face, trunk, or limbs & progress to granulomatous amebic encephalitis (GAE).
Diagnosis of Balamuthia GAE can be difficult because symptoms are not specific to GAE