Postcolonial State administrations operate on the basis of kinship. In Nigeria, President could instruct head of Reseve Bank to deliver cash to house. When Governor of Kano was asked why he had government money in his home, he asked how can governor not have government money.
Who polices the officials? Historically, people policed themselves through shame and guilt. Modern states destroy that sense of shame.
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Conference misses a key question, argues Motsohi. Apartheid was a system of exclusion. That is at the root of it. Post-apartheid challenge was to set a strategic intent to serve larger South Africa.
Social Justice and Equity are the key strategic challenges of the public service. We haven't achieved this because organisations are not 'fit for purpose'.
Tompson says three areas of reform: making rules, applying rules and internal organisation. Task becomes very difficult when it comes to state regulating and reforming itself.
Key point: Reforms take a long time and a long time to prepare. More haste less speed. Crises are an opportunity for reform, but reforms only succeed if groundwork has already been done.
Why has SA lost development momentum, asks Donaldson? Thesis he makes: SA took on a huge range of too many very complex projects simultaneously.
7 perspectives on development. 1. Tension between role of government and markets. 2. Overlapping and contradictory BEE policies. 3. State building: is it about building institutions or building expertise. 4. Integrity + Performance Mngmt between rules based systems and discretion
Momo: underlying state capture was a political narrative that pulled many good people by their noses. There were lots of red flags but people didn't ask questions.
National Treasury was terribly naive putting in place an accountability framework. Focused a lot on the sexy parts but not on the practical, operational issues and how people could get round them.