"If #COVID19 #vaccines are so safe, why aren't the manufacturers accepting liability for any potential injuries?"

It's a fair question. And it's clearly bothering a lot of people, judging by my inbox.

But actually the answer differs depending on where you are... 🧵
Starting in the UK... 🇬🇧

In the mid-70s, ppl became concerned about the potential for long-term injuries associated with the whooping cough vaccine (although it turned out there was no problem). To bolster confidence, the govt passed the Vaccine Damage Payment Act in 1979. 2/
This makes a payment of (now) £120,000 to anyone who suffers permanent injury as a result of a govt-recommended vaccination. Following approval, COVID19 vaccines were added to the list of vaccines for which the govt accepts liability under the act. 3/

gov.uk/vaccine-damage…
So in the UK, someone will accept liability for anything that goes wrong with a COVID19 (or any recommended) vaccination... it's just the government 4/
In the USA... 🇺🇸

The situation is similar. The National Vaccine Injury Compensation Program began in 1988. This was in response to a situation in which several vaccine manufacturers were sued and, as a result, said they could no longer afford to produce vaccines for the USA. 5/
In order to secure continued vaccine production, the US government agreed to accept liability for injuries resulting from certain vaccines that the government recommends in childhood. 6/

hrsa.gov/vaccine-compen…
In the USA, unlike the UK, there is a separate compensation scheme to cover vaccines given in the context of a pandemic, the Countermeasures Injury Compensation Program. 7/

hrsa.gov/cicp
Although the details and flavour are slightly different, the logic of the UK and US approaches are similar... the state asks vaccine manufacturers to make lots of vaccines and sell them to us cheaply... 8/
If the manufacturers also have to bear the costs of court cases and payouts in the case of injury, they can't afford to do that and simply won't. So the government accepts the liability.

But this isn't the case everywhere... 9/
So for example in the EU... 🇪🇺

Some countries have a compensation scheme, but not all of them do. To secure COVID19 vaccines, the EU negotiated as a bloc, and since they did not all have such schemes, they couldn't accept liability. 10/
The EU negotiated different deals with different manufacturers, but broadly, they asked vaccine manufacturers to accept liability if they were selling the vaccines for profit, but were willing to take on more liability themselves when they were getting vaccines at cost. 10/
Here is an article that discusses this, in the context of the EU vaccine supply negotiations... 11/

politico.eu/article/europe…
So... why don't the vaccine manufacturers accept liability for injuries?

Well... in some countries they do (the EU).

But in other countries (UK, USA) there is a long-established precedent that the state accepts liability for vaccines is asks its citizens to accept... 12/
... and this precedent was followed for the new COVID19 vaccines.

It's not that they're not safe. Or that the manufacturers refuse to accept liability. It's just that the government accepts the liability, as they have done for the past 40-odd years. 13/13

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More from @VikiLovesFACS

5 May
There are already lots of studies showing that antibodies pass into breastmilk after #COVID19 #vaccination. But this new preprint looks at the properties of those antibodies in more detail, as well as reporting for the first time on T cells... 💉🤱🏿🧵

medrxiv.org/content/10.110…
First - in agreement with the other studies - anti-Spike IgA and IgG are found in breast milk following vaccination.

(Milk shown in purple, plasma in orange). 2/
Next, they looked at what kind of IgA it was. Is it monomeric (M) like IgA in blood? Or oligomeric (O), suggesting it is produced at a mucosal surface?

The IgA in milk is mostly oligomeric, suggesting it is produced locally in the breast. 3/
Read 8 tweets
5 May
@Brigitt73701323 That’s a good explanation of how mRNA vaccines (or shots, if you prefer) work. It seems to me that the reason you don’t want to call them “vaccines” is two-fold.

First, to do with the approach. Second, to do with the level of protection. 1/
@Brigitt73701323 In the beginning, we had both live attenuated (weakened) and inactivated (real pathogen, but killed) vaccines. Examples of this are the smallpox vaccine (1798) and the anthrax vaccine (1904), respectively. 2/
@Brigitt73701323 Later, we started making vaccines that were just a single protein from the pathogen (diphtheria, 1942).

More recently, we have started to take approaches using engineered proteins (Hep B, 1982) sometimes assembled to look like viruses (HPV, 2008). 3/
Read 14 tweets
4 May
@willowwriter @hejaro14 @naomirwolf I guess you are arguing - as many have - that pregnant ppl should have been included in the clinical trials from the outset. We have the PREVENT guidance, developed in the context of Ebola and Zika, to help us do this. 1/

sciencedirect.com/science/articl…
@willowwriter @hejaro14 @naomirwolf Now, we can have a discussion about why it was felt that pregnant ppl should not have been included in the trials. But the long and the short of it is that they were not. 2/
@willowwriter @hejaro14 @naomirwolf This put each regulatory body in a position where it had to make its own decision about what to recommend... balancing potential risks of vaccination on one side against the known risks of COVID in pregnancy on the other. 3/

bmj.com/content/370/bm…
Read 10 tweets
23 Apr
A lot of people are asking me...

“I feel like my baby and I are coming towards the end of #breastfeeding. But I just got my #COVID19 #vaccine! Should I keep going to give my baby protection against COVID19?”

💉🤱🏾🧵 ...
(By the way, in this thread, I will say "breastfeeding" for short, but this also includes people who are giving their babies pumped breastmilk.) 2/
I have breastfed two babies myself and I know that stopping breastfeeding is *such* a personal thing. So I can’t possibly give a yes/no answer to that question. But what I can do is give you a framework for making your own decision... 3/
Read 16 tweets
21 Apr
I’m getting a lot of questions about #COVID19 vaccination and the menstrual cycle. Does the #vaccine affect your #period? And does that mean there will be an effect on #fertility? 💉🩸 🧵

(Short answer upfront: Maybe, and no.)
Does the #COVID19 #vaccine affect #periods? Well, a lot of people are reporting this and I like to start from a position of believing what people say about their own bodies. So I think it is likely that this is a side-effect in some people. 2/
But research is being done to find this out! I know at least 2 studies - the biggest is run by @KateClancy. You can read about her study, and participate if you want, here. Ppl who used to have periods but no longer do are also invited to participate! 3/

Read 18 tweets
1 Apr
@SpeechlessMJJ16 Sure. This is a screenshot from a blog post by Michael Yeadon that was published in December. It was rapidly taken down, but this screenshot (and another of the title of the post) circulated on WhatsApp. It is the source of the infertility rumours. 1/
@SpeechlessMJJ16 So that you are aware, Michael Yeadon is very strongly anti-vax in his views. So that is where he is coming from. 2/
@SpeechlessMJJ16 Even back in December, people who work with in this area (like me) were able to point to flaws with this argument. Probably the most important one is... if this were true, Covid would *also* make women infertile. Although happily it does not. 3/
Read 14 tweets

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