A quick overview thread of case rates prior to moving to Step 3 on 17 May.

Overall cases in the UK are at 21 cases per 100,000. Image
Case rates are higher than they were last summer after the first wave and before that unlocking.

Some of this is increase is due to mass testing.

In late June last year, cases in all age groups were under 10 cases per 100,000 (except 80+ where they were 12 per 100,000). Image
Cases now are higher.

If we compare to the extreme situation in January (seen below), things don't look too bad. If we compare to June last year, cases do look relatively high. Image
As you zoom in to areas, the highest case rates increase. This is to be expected, as nowhere is 'average'.

From Bolton with a very high 133 cases per 100,000 to low rates in some parts of Scotland, Wales, and Northern Ireland.

In England, Cumbria has a case rate of 5 per100,000 ImageImage
Zooming in further (note that some upper tier local authories are also lower tier local authorities, which confuses things a bit) we have some local authorities with *very high* rates

Erewash with 187 cases per 100,000
Bolton with 133 cases per 100,000 Image
Rates over 100 cases per 100,000 were sufficient to cause local lockdowns. Some history:
In particular areas, there are outbreaks.

Rumworth South has a case rate of 479 per 100,000 Image
Long Eaton North has a case rate of 645 per 100,000 Image
Due to the vaccine programme, we are in a different time to last summer when no-one was vaccinated.

But there are significant dispartities in who is vaccinated.

Much of the Government's strategy is based on the weakening of the link between cases to hospitalizations to deaths.

One of those Roadmap tests is Variants.
The question is - what is the Government's plan if and when we have large outbreaks meaning that case rates are very high? Are regional lockdowns going to re-emerge? There appears to be scope for that in the legislation.

Image
If the whole of the UK moves to being in a Step 3 area as expected on 17 May, it presumbaly means that the Governement reserves the right to moves areas back to Step 2 or even Step 1 areas by statutory instrument.
The Government hopes that the moves are 'irreversible'. I assume the 'irreversible' applies to the whole of the country, not individual areas. It would be prudent to retain the option of reimposing these measures, even if the headline is that they are 'irreversible'.
Nobody wants to go back into restrictions, but there is a risk of that happening due to variants. This is however a *risk* not a certainty.

But if the rhetoric is Covid is almost over, then that risk becomes more likely to be realised.

The pandemic is not over.

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More from @Dr_D_Robertson

14 May
PHE have published a vaccine surveillance report.

Key chart here (colours represent level of confidence in the numbers, not effectiveness)

- Vaccines work (very high level of effectiveness)
- 2 doses better than one
- They're not perfect Image
Will be good to see effectiveness of 2nd dose of Oxford/AZ when the data is available, and the effectiveness of different vaccines against variants.
Here are the risk communication charts for:
1 dose of either (Pfizer/BioNTech or Oxford/AZ) vaccine Image
Read 7 tweets
13 May
Here are my variants charts for data published on 13 May 2021

**cumulative** chart showing significant increase in B.1.617.2 (orange bold line)

... Image
Here is the same data on a log chart and including B.1.1.7 (top line)

**cumulative chart**

Significant increase in B.1.617.2 (orange bold line) Image
And here is the data on a heatmap. Variants of concern in bold/yellow

Very significant exponential-like growth. Clearly a concern given potential move to Step 3 on Monday. Image
Read 6 tweets
7 May
VARIANTS update for the UK from PHE data released today (delayed from yesterday due to the local elections).

P.1.617.2 declared a Variant of Concern (in orange bold on the charts). Significant increase in cases.

Cumulative charts that can be affected by surge testing etc.
Here is the data on an exponential chart.

P.1.617.2 declared a Variant of Concern (in orange bold on the charts). Significant increase in cases. This chart includes the B.1.1.7 'Kent' variant.

Cumulative charts that can be affected by surge testing etc.
Here is the data on a heatmap showing new cases detected each week. Variants of concern highlighted.

P.1.617.2 is around 4.4% of the variant cases.

This ratio was around 2.3% last week (which included all cases to that time recorded last week)
Read 21 tweets
6 May
There are several reasons why 'India' variants such as B.1.617.2 (in particular) are a concern.

A short thread.
The first is the growth of detected cases.

This is the data from last week. We were expecting this week's data at around 5pm today, but that was delayed, apparently due to the local elections.

Most of these cases were related to travellers. We have since required quarantine for people that have been in India. So this should (in theory) reduce significantly the import of B.1.617.2
Read 13 tweets
6 May
Analysis of today's PHE surveillance report.

A short thread.

While Covid cases may be low in many parts of the country, there are still rates of over 70 cases per 100,000, in upper tier local authorities
Slow increase in number of outbreaks/incidents
Falling hospitalization rates
Read 10 tweets
28 Apr
gov.uk/government/new…

Conclusions below.
Study document here

khub.net/documents/1359…
"In addition to the direct effects of preventing cases and reducing severity, we have shown that both the ChAdOx1 nCoV-19 and BNT162b2 vaccines are associated with reduced likelihood of household transmission by 40-50% from individuals diagnosed with COVID-19 after vaccination...
Read 6 tweets

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