Those who are running trends like #IndiaStandWithIsrael , are negligent of Gandhi's position on the Zionism.
Thread :
In 1938, Martin Buber had been asked by David Ben-Gurion, the first PM and founding father of Israel, to put pressure on several well-known moral figures... 1/6
.... to show their public support for Zionism. They felt that approval from Gandhi, as a leader of nonviolent national struggle against imperialism, would be especially useful, and were prepared to leverage his respect for Buber in order to get it.
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At the peak of Zionist movement, Gandhi's statement appeared in the Harijan of November 11, 1938. Gandhi began his piece by saying that all his sympathies lay with the Jews, who as a people had been subjugated to inhuman treatment and persecution for centuries. But he added : 3/6
Gandhi thus questioned the very foundational logic of political Zionism, rejecting in the idea of a Jewish state in the promised land by pointing out that the "Palestine of the Biblical conception isn't a geographical tract". Thus, Gandhi disapproved of the Zionist project...
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...project for both political and religious reasons. The endorsement of that project by the British govt only alienated Gandhi even further. He had no doubt about who Palestine belonged to :
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Gandhi's response to Palestine question contains different layers of meanings, ranging from an ethnical position to political realism. He vehemently rejected the cultural and religious nationalism of Zionism.
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Today, Israel blames Hamas for terrorism. But it is a lesser known fact that Israel helped Hamas to grow into one of the world's biggest militant organizations.
In 1980's, Israel was in conflict with a secular nationalist Palestinian resistance organization called Palestinian Liberation Organization(PLO) led by Yasser Arafat. In 1964, PLO had founded a militant wing called the Fatah. Gradually, this Fatah emerged as one of the most ....
... powerful anti-Zionist militant group. If there were any terrorist attack on Israel, hijacking, or assassination of a Israeli officials, Fatah would to be blamed. Arab states in 1974 declared the PLO the "sole legitimate representative" of the Palestinian ppl world-wide.
This is an exceptional book by Tim Marshall. The author has divided this book into 10 chapters and each chapter explains geographical advantages and disadvantages of 10 different regions.
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I like this book for its relevance to our present day geopolitics and the impact of geography on it. This book emphasizes the importance of geography in the ability to project power in the international arena. Here are few examples :
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1) The US is a superpower due to its geography. It has oceans in its east and west which prevent any attack on the american mainland. Although distance b/w Russia and Alaska(US) across the Bering Straits is just 85km but the frozen Arctic Ocean is the biggest ally.
ان تمام جماعتوں کو بڑى تعداد میں سعودى فنڈنگ مل رہى تھى۔ سعودى فنڈنگ کى مدد سے مجاہدین کو بھرتى کرنے کے لیے بڑى تعداد میں مدرسے کھولے گئے۔ جب جنرل ضیاء نے حکومت سمبھالى تو پاکستان میں کل مدارس کى تعداد 893 تھى۔ مگر ان کے انتقال کے وقت یہ تعداد 2801 ہوچکى تھى۔
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"All warfare is based on deception. Hence, when we r able to attack, we must seem unable; when using our forces, we must appear inactive; when we r near, we must make the enemy believe we r far away; when far away, we must make him believe we r near."
Reference :
The Art of War
"If u know the enemy & know urself, u need not fear the result of a hundred battles."
"If u know urself but not the enemy, for every victory gained u will also suffer a defeat."
"If u know neither the enemy nor urself,u will succumb in every battle"
Reference:
The Art of War
"The supreme art of war is to subdue the enemy without fighting"
In 1979 Zia had just provoked worldwide condemnation by executing his former PM; his image both inside & outside Pak was badly tarnished, & he felt isolated. By supporting a Jehad, albeit unofficially, against a
communist superpower he sought to regain sympathy in the west. 1/1
The US would surely rally to his
assistance. As a devout Muslim he was eager to offer help to his Islamic neighbours. That religious, strategic and political factors all seemed to point in the same direction was indeed a happy coincidence. 2/2 #ISI
For Zia, the final factor that decided him was Akhtar’s argument that it was a sound
military proposition, provided the Soviets were not goaded into a direct confrontation, meaning the water must not get too hot. 3/4 #Afghanistan