The Government's strategy has always been that, on repoening, cases would increase.

A short thread.
Cases are, indeed, increasing.

There appears to be an approximate constant rate of increase.

However, testing is very much dependent on who is tested and where testing is taking place, surge testing and the like.
The Government's Roadmap has depended on four tests.

None of these tests involve cases (directly).

What *is* potentially a *big* problem is an increase in hospitalizations. That's what has caused Lockdown 1, Lockdown 2, and Lockdown 3.

Hosptializations are increasing
The big question is by how much, and whether exponential rises in cases mean an exponential rise in hospitalizations.

The Government's thought is that the link between cases and hospitalizations is 'decoupled'.

In practice, this means that the exponent in cases is much higher.
The really big question is on how much more transmissible the B.1.617.2 (newly coined 'Delta') variant is.

First reports indicate it is *much* more transmissible.

One question is whether the 21 June relaxations should take place. Of course, this is a change in rhetoric moving towards 'dates not data' rather than 'data not dates'

Several things may happen:
- June 21 Step 4 removal of all restrictions
- June 21 some restrictions but not all lifted
- reintroduction of pre-Step 3 measures.

If things go wrong, any of these could lead to a reimposition of *another* lockdown (stringency to be determined).
There have always been trade-offs and we have been advised that the education of children should be prioritised.
Hopsitalizations are relatively steady (for now), but cases are rising exponentially, and rising with a high exponent (ie rising fast).

We need more data to determine whether the strategy will pay off.

The precautionary principle would be not to open up before a large ...
... proportion of people (people in this measure including children) being vaccinated.

And vaccinating children raises ethical questions.
The main point is:
- not everyone has been vaccinated
- not all vaccinated people have been vaccinated
- not all people have had their second dose
- vaccine takeup has not been equitable

Cases of the variant increase significantly, and the variant poses a risk (see this thread).

(and that should read 'not all vulnerable people have been vaccinated' rather than 'not all vaccinated people have been vaccinated'. Ahem.)
It's hard to remember, but it's only 2 weeks and a day since we went to Step 3.

It's now that hospitalizations start to appear from increased mixing.

As ever, the messages that tend to be forgotten are:
- exponential growth
- delays between infection, cases & hospitalization.
Here is my interview with @ianpaynesport on @LBC

- we need more data
- it's only been 2 weeks since Step 3
- Delta (the new name for B.1.617.2, the 'India' variant) is much more transmissible
- finely balanced between the virus, vaccines & variants.

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More from @Dr_D_Robertson

1 Jun
On the WHO naming (a short thread with some comments on the new naming system.

1. Here it is. Good that it's here but it's far too late
who.int/en/activities/…
2. any scientist would have thought about using the Greek alphabet (because that's what scientists do) but probably discounted it because, well, it's a bit.. Greek (see point 1)
3. it's not future-proof.

10 Greek letters have been used up already out of 24. It's back to the drawing board for variant 25 (or at least another decision has to be made as to which e.g. alphabet to use)
Read 8 tweets
27 May
PHE have published their data for Variants of Concern to 26 May2021

- B.1.617.2 is becoming dominant with 3,535 new cases
- But also increases in these variants of concern
P1 (+21)
B.1.351 (+32)
- New variant under investigation C.36.3 (+109)

cumulative chart excl B.1.1.7
Cumulative chart excluding B.1.1.7 and B.1.617.2

Over 900 cumulative cases of B.1.351 (South Africa)
Cumulative chart on an exponential chart
Read 15 tweets
27 May
From PHE surveillance report
Antibodies showing up nicely in the 40-somethings
As well as older age groups
Read 4 tweets
25 May
The areas with extra guidance to avoid non-essential travel doesn't make a lot of sense.

A short thread.
Let's look at the list published on Friday.

Here are the areas which have new guidance to avoid non-essential travel to/from these areas.

gov.uk/guidance/covid…
Let's see where they are on the list of B.1.617.2 cases using the latest data from @sangerinstitute

For this, I am *only using the number of sequences in the latest week, week ending 15 May 2021*
covid19.sanger.ac.uk/lineages/raw
Read 9 tweets
23 May
What I think happened with the announcement of new data of the AZ/Pfizer effectiveness against B.1.617.2:

- a press release was issued earlier in the day on Saturday which prompted positive headlines in today's papers

"It's really good", as #Marr has just said

(a quick thread)
This I assume is the press release gov.uk/government/new…
This news was I believe embargoed until 10:30pm yesterday. Note that the press release *does* contain a link to a full preprint of the data.

khub.net/documents/1359…
Read 7 tweets
20 May
Public Health England have published their data for Variants of Concern.

- B.1.617.2 is becoming dominant with 2,111 new cases
- But also increases in these variants of concern
P1 (+30)
B.1.351 (+41)
- New variant under investigation AV.1

nb cumulative chart

... thread
Here is the cumulative chart on a log scale
And here is a heatmap of cases per week excluding colouring the B.1.1.7 ('Kent') variant
Read 9 tweets

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