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Shane Crotty Profile picture
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11 Jun, 4 tweets, 2 min read
Ed Yong won a Pulitzer! My favorite @edyong209 quote is:

“An immunology board game would have a rulebook that's 600 pages long and is written only in acronyms; there's a cupboard's worth of tokens; and every so often, the board spontaneously catches fire.”

@PulitzerPrizes
Immortalized on a coffee mug in my household
😂

Original quote here:

Referring to this outstanding article on COVID-19 immunology by Ed Yong.

theatlantic.com/health/archive…

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More from @profshanecrotty

Shane Crotty Profile picture
4 Jun
Data from the UK are convincing that B.1.617.2 (including NTD deletion)(1st seen in India) is the variant of the future.

1-dose RNA vaccine does NOT sufficiently protect against that virus, so please get your 2nd vaccine dose! 🧵
Sadly, the data are now clear enough that B.1.617.2 is:
🔵 Substantially more transmissible than B117 (~50%)
🔵 Exhibits partial antibody escape, almost = B.1.351
🔵 Can infect most people who only received 1-dose of RNA or AZ vaccine
So, this new variant will probably outcompete other variants in most populations.

The positive is that 2-doses of RNA vaccines work very well still against B.1.617.2 (~90% prevention of cases. UK data).
Read 7 tweets
Shane Crotty Profile picture
1 Jun
A thread on current understanding of natural immunity to SARS-CoV-2 🧵
Immunity to SARS-CoV-2 is a key issue for global society. Natural immunity to SARS-CoV-2 (obtained by infection) and vaccine-generated immunity to SARS-CoV-2 are two different paths to immunity.
Based on our team’s SARS2 immune memory measurements (memory T and B cells & antibodies) we predicted natural immunity against serious cases of SARS2 reinfection would last multiple years in most people, against the original SARS2 strain. Back in Nov-Jan.

science.sciencemag.org/content/371/65…
Read 18 tweets
Shane Crotty Profile picture
26 May
I gave a short talk today at a WHO symposium on COVID-19 vaccine correlates of immunity. It was an excellent conference. My role was to highlight and discuss potential roles of T cells in vaccine mechanisms or correlates of protection. 🧵
I decided to record a copy of the presentation, posted above.
The conference was organized by Stanley Plotkin
As part of the talk I show this model. The concept here is that as variant divergence increases, the amount of the protective immunity provided by neutralizing antibodies decreases, but the amount of protective immunity provided by memory T cells and B cells is preserved.
Read 7 tweets
Shane Crotty Profile picture
25 May
Moderna vaccine works in teenagers!
🔵 Immune responses as good as adults
🔵 Same side effects as adults
🔵 Data will go to FDA for approval now
🧵
apnews.com/article/modern…
Overall, the Moderna and Pfizer vaccine results have been virtually identical for protection and immune responses, so these results in teenagers are not a surprise, since the Pfizer vaccine did great in teenagers.
But the Moderna results are still really good to see! Two independent vaccines in parallel getting the same results gives a lot of confidence about the protection!
Read 6 tweets
Shane Crotty Profile picture
22 May
Vaccination of immunocompromised or immunosuppressed people against COVID is a major topic now.
I think this is good simple advice:
"Get vaccinated, but behave as though you're not," Dorlan Kimbrough, a neurologist who treats multiple sclerosis patients at Duke. 🧵
It is early days for understanding and advice on this, but thankfully there are already scientific studies (preprints) being published on COVID vaccine immune responses in such patients. These are two good new news articles on the topic:
advisory.com/en/daily-brief…
and
washingtonpost.com/lifestyle/2021…
Read 11 tweets
Shane Crotty Profile picture
21 May
My current take on RNA vaccine likely protection against B1617 (Indian variants)

nbcnews.com/health/health-…
“The fact that there is real-world data that shows the Pfizer vaccine works very well against the South African variant, it's quite likely that both the Pfizer and Moderna vaccines will be very effective against these new Indian variants, as well,”
That is based on:
🔵 data from Qatar against B1351 (97% protection against severe disease, 75% against infection)
🔵@SutharLab B1617 neutralizing Ab data
🔵L452R containing CAL.C20 variant antibody data
Read 7 tweets

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