Maulana Husain Ahmad Madani was one of top freedom fighters who not just fought against British occupation, but also fought against idea of 2 nation theory. He was a top Islamic scholar of his time and taught for more than a decade in Grand Mosques of Mecca & Medina #Thread
Later he became a close comrade of Shaykhul Hind Mahmood Hasan. There is near unanimity that Shaykhul Hind was the architect of the Indian freedom movement, Reshmi Roomal Tehrik and the founder of India’s government in exile in Kabul.
Madani was a poor man and often suffered economic hardships, sometimes to the extent of starvation. But he had full faith in Allah. He refused the proposal of his father to go back to India, mainly because he wanted to help Mehmood-ul Hasan in his struggle against the British.
Though he had become popular following his imprisonment in Malta, his participation in the Dastarbandi programme of Dar-ul- uloom for which he undertook a tedious journey from Mecca to India, throws light on his love for the motherland and his revolutionary spirit.
After his participation in the Convocation Ceremony, Madani frequented Mecca, between 1913 and 1916. During this period, Maulana Abul Kalam Azad was in the forefront of Indian politics attacking the British policy through his journal Al-Hilal.
He said "I have been associated with India's freedom struggle since 1914. It is a religious duty of every Muslim to oppose British. I was in an extremist party Shaikh-ul-Hind, Maulana Mehmood-ul-Hasan was our leader when the incident of Asirane Malta had happened."
He was a disciple of the Shaykhul Hind and did everything to show his love and respect for the great cleric. He went to Malta prison when Mahmud Hasan was condemned with a 3 year long prison term there.
After being released from Malta he joined the political mainstream. Following Mahmud Hasan’s appeal to Muslims to support Mahatma Gandhi he too became close with the Congress and formed Jamiat Ulama along with top Muslim leaders of the time.
Barbara Metcalf says, “Maulana Husain Ahmad intended to accompany Maulana Mahmudul Hasan back to India. But it was not at all clear whether he would stay in India or return to his shattered family in Medina.
This indecision may seem astonishing given the role that Husain Ahmad was to play in the nationalist movement virtually from the moment he stepped ashore. But while his political education in Malta had intensified his anti-colonialism, that was a cause he could pursue in Medina
... or elsewhere and whatever he did politically, in any case, was always understood by him to be above all in the service of Islamic learning and Islamic practice”.
In his Muttahida Qaumiyyat Aur Islam, Maulana Husain Ahmad Madani proves on theological level too that Muslims and Hindus were one nation and that there was no point in insisting on a Muslim homeland, as was being demanded by the Muslim League.
He says now when Muslims have been decimated in Africa, Europe n Asia, we are being told that Islam demands the unity of Muslims and that Muslims cannot align with non Muslim organization nor can form composite nationalism in association with any non-Muslim community
He fought at every level for a united India and was sorely disappointed when it was decided to divide the country. He became the President of the Jamiat Ulema-e-Hind, a post he held until his death in 1957.
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Some ulema, in the 2nd decade of last century declared Indian Sub-Continent as Dar-ul-Harb, urging the Muslims to migrate from their homeland. This was a foolhardy step as it was done without consultations with other stakeholders and realizing how this will impact Muslims #Thread
Maulana Azad, Maulana Abdul Bari Farangi Mahli, Moulana Muhammad Ali and Moulana Abdul Majeed Sindhi issued a fatwa which declared migration from India that they called Dar-ul-Harb to Dar-ul-Aman desirable for the Muslims of India after World War I.
Leaders were appointed in every major city and a central office was established in Delhi known as Khuddam-ul-Muhajireen to motivate Muslims for migration. 1000s of Muslims got carried away and decided to migrate to the Afghanistan, which was thought a suitable for their shelter.
Bengal Pact 1923 was aimed at resolving the question of Hindu-Muslim differences. CR Das believed in the principle of sharing political power with the majority Muslim community of the province, came forward to take up the task of strengthening relations between Hindus and Muslims
Given the fractured Hindu Muslim relations in Bengal, Congress leaders like CR Das and Motilal Nehru started thinking in favour of entering the Legislative Council. Their object was to follow a policy of uniform and continuous obstruction from within the Council.
However, the annual session of the indian national congress 1922, rejected the proposal of Council entry. The Gaya session of the Congress was followed by the resignation of CR Das as the President of the organisation. He then formed Swarajya Party within the Congress.
Imam Ahmed Raza Khan Barelvi was a great scholar and reformer. Born in1856 he founded Barelwi movement. He was a mufassir, jurist, theologian, Sufi, poet, and author who wrote on a variety of subjects. His followers are found in large number across Subcontinent n beyond #Thread
Ahmed Raza Khan mainly wrote against what he called wahabism and the deobandis who he claimed were damaging the religion. Besides he also wrote extensively on the life of the Prophet Muhammad (SAW) and Sufism.
Khan took on Wahabism and Deobandi sects and helped shape a movement by his writings which is known as Ahle Sunnat wal Jamaat or Barelwi Movement (Barelvi).Some Barelwi leaders claim that his fan followers number around 200 million in the Subcontinent.
Muslims are heavily under-represented in Indian Army n paramilitary forces in India. Prof Umar Khalidi made detailed analysis of the issue in his Khaki and Ethnic Violence in India. It was one of such detailed study. Later Sachar Committee too verified the facts in this regard
Among those under-represented in it are Dalits and Muslims. According to a January 9 note by the army to the Defence Ministry, it had only 29,093 Muslims in 2004 in a total of 11 lakh personnel. This 2.7 percent ratio compares poorly with the Muslims' 13 percent population share.
Despite some activism by Manmohan Singh led UPA government proportion of Muslims in army remains under 3%. Praful Bidwai wrote there's nothing divisive about documenting the status of different communities in India's institutions. US army compiles data on Muslims, Blacks etc
Maulana Syed Abul A'la Maududi was a great Islamic scholar and reformer though among the most misunderstood and controversial personalities of the 20th century. Born on 25 September 1903, the founder of the Islamist organization, Jamaat-e-Islami, he was a mufassir #Twitter
...Islamist ideologue, philosopher, jurist, historian, journalist, activist and scholar active in British India and later, in Pakistan. While opposition to his Islamist ideology in the Indian Sub continent was and is widespread, he also slowly got a considerable fan following.
Wilfred Cantwell Smith describes him as "the most systematic thinker of modern Islam”, though many wouldn’t agree with this description. His work encompasses different fields including Qur’anic exegesis, hadith, law, philosophy and history. He originally wrote in Urdu,
Following death of #Mughal emperor Aurangzeb anarchy led to rebellions by the disgruntled nobility who wished to access high offices in order to loot and plunder state resources. The result was a decline of moral values which plunged the whole society into disarray and turmoil
Under these circumstances, Shah Waliullah Muhaddis Dehlwi raised his voice against the course of decline and suggested measures for revival of Muslim power in the subcontinent. His main concern was to improve the political, social and economic condition of the Muslims
...while disregarding other communities who also confronted the same situation and needed support and guidance to survive. Failing to produce capable rulers to control state affairs and to administer political n economic system, Mughal Empire finally lost its energy and vitality