Cholesterol levels in the body are regulated separately from dietary cholesterol intake

This means that eating a diet higher or lower in cholesterol does not increase or decrease testosterone

Any hormonal changes that do occur are caused by macro or micro nutrient changes
One of the most notable dietary factors that might actually affect testosterone is fat consumption

This study compared moderate fat consumption to a low-fat diet and found a minor increase with higher fat intake (13% higher total test)
pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/8942407/
This study also found a decrease in testosterone and other estrogens when dietary fat is restricted
pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/6538617/

It's not clear whether this occurs as a result of the fat itself, or from another factor
Both of these studies seem to indicate that the diets with higher fat intake also included more animal products

Getting more associated nutrients like zinc, vitamin D, and retinol may have played some role as well
I'll also note that a 10-15% testosterone increase or decrease would be imperceptible for most men, and wouldn't be enough to impact things like muscle growth

It's only when multiple factors that alter testosterone levels are combined that really meaningful changes occur

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More from @ck_eternity_

10 Jul
Alcohol is a perfect example of how two substances can interact, even after they are consumed

On it's own alcohol fails to induce severe liver damage when fed to animals as 25-30% of their dietary calories...
However, when it's combined with polyunsaturated fats the animals develop liver scarring and fail to recover even after the alcohol is removed

In a separate group where the polyunsaturated fats are swapped for saturated fats after the alcohol is removed, the liver heals rapidly
Multiple variations of this experiment have been tested with the same results

I've also come across one studying correlating reversal of this liver disease incidence with swapping dietary unsaturated fat for saturated fat
Read 7 tweets
7 Jul
Serotonin plays just as much of a role in promoting adaptability as it does in emotion

Low serotonin states are characterized by ritualistic tendencies, perfectionism, and less openess to new ideas and experiences
Many low-serotonin individuals may still be highly successful at school or work, but without much emotional fulfillment from it

Low serotonin is also commonly seen in anxiety, depression, OCD, and autism, so it's common to experience inner stress despite appearing functional
This "functional depression" also seems to play a role in how suicidal tendencies go unnoticed

All that said, it's important to note that serotonin is NOT the end all be all of depression, and may not even be the primary underlying factor in most mental disorders
Read 4 tweets
22 Jun
REM sleep is characterized by little to no physical movement, but a higher level of mental activity

Non-REM sleep is characterized by more physical movement, but the least amount of mental activity experienced at any point during the day
REM sleep is the more "restful" of the two, and is governed by a variety of neurotransmitters including dopamine, serotonin, GABA, and especially acetylcholine

Lower levels of acetylcholine are seen during aging and seem to parallel decreased ability to enter REM sleep
Acetylcholine governs key aspects of learning, memory, and neuroplasticity, and lower levels of it are also why they implicated in neurodegenerative diseases like Alzheimer's and Dementia

Many neuroprotective herbs/supplements increase acetylcholine by inhibiting its breakdown
Read 4 tweets
18 Jun
The microbiome is a hologram overlaying a bacterial ecosystem
We've known for decades now that bacteria communicate using different light emission, and this is likely one of the purposes for which photoreceptors first evolved

As such, any large mass of bacteria is essentially a three dimensional web of organized light
On top of that, the light that sells emit is coherent light, essentially a laser, as light is captured, organized, and re-emitted by the nucleus

This light is produced as a byproduct of free radical decay, but the nucleus is essential for it to be concentrated enough to emit
Read 6 tweets
16 Jun
Frequency of alcohol consumption has as much of an impact on glutamate production as amount

Consuming 2-3 drinks every couple days will cause milder but more prolonged glutamate upregulation, while binging 10+ drinks once a month will cause severe but short term glutamate spikes
This is the main driver of alcohol tolerance over time

Since alcohol potently suppresses glutamate signalling (mimicking GABA), the brain over compensates with increased glutamate production

This is also what makes alcohol withdrawal directly neurotoxic with a seizure component
If you have an alcohol tolerance your glutamate production is at a higher than normal baseline

This often has a powerful negative impact on mental health, especially anxiety and depression

Alcohol consumption feels better short term, but accumulates toxicity over time
Read 6 tweets
9 Jun
Antibiotics are often given to cows by farmers to promote weight gain, as they rely on gut bacteria to clear carbs before absorption

We know antibiotic use has some association with low microbiome diversity in humans, could this contribute to obesity?
The caveat here is that ruminants rely on bacteria for digestion much more heavily than humans, getting most of their calories from short-chain fatty acids fermented from fiber in their stomachs

However, the link between antibiotic use and obesity does seem to carry over
This study found more than 1 antibiotic treatment in the first year or two of a child's life associated with higher obesity risk
pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/29359849/
Read 6 tweets

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