Just finished this beautiful #book by @MerlinSheldrake on fungi.

Highly recommended!

A short thread on things that struck me from the book.
1/ The first obvious but surprising thing is that fungi is neither animal, nor plant.

For a long time it was clubbed into plants, but evolutionary history suggests that’s it’s a domain of its own.
2/ Though, surprisingly, it’s closer to animals than plants.

I did not know that.
3/ Have you ever thought how a bread kept outside gets fungus on it after a few days?

It‘a because fungal spores are everywhere in the air. You’re breathing fungal spores right now.

Fungi produces 50 mega tonnes of spores each each hear - equivalent of 500k blue whales.
4/ Another big aha for me was that 90% of plants depend on fungi for being alive.

So, when you go into your garden, look at your plants. They’re in symbiotic relationship with fungus.

Fungus gives plants minerals, while plants give it carbon (from photosynthesis).
5/ But what *is* fungus?

Most of us know fungus as mushrooms, but they’re just fruits of the real thing. They’re fruiting bodies for animals like us to eat and in process spread its spores.
6/ Fungus can be single celled organism (yeast that brews your beer and bread), or it can be multicellular filamenty beast (called mycelium) that can spread across the forest for kilometers under earth the sand.
8/ The largest fungus - the honey fungus - is actually the largest living thing on the world.

Yes, the biggest living organism is a fungus.

bbc.com/earth/story/20…
9/ Fungus are amazing digesters. They can practically survive on anything.

Some species are found inside rocket fuel tanks.

A fungus is rumoured as the first living organism to appear after the Hiroshima bomb.
10/ And lastly, fungus evolved to impact our mind.

Magic mushrooms can give us hallucinations.

Why would a fungus evolve that capability?
11/ Nobody knows but one of the hypothesis suggests it evolved this to make insects go crazy that feed on it or compete with it for resources.

It’s beautiful because it suggests insects have an experience similar to us.

If they hallucinate like us, they experience like us.
12/ That’s it for now.

I can go on and on, but I wouldn’t do justice to the book.

It’s beautiful written, full of insights and most importantly raises more questions than answers.

Do your neurons a favor, go read the book.

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More from @paraschopra

26 Jul
Use all your unfair advantages.

(a 🧵)
1/ Capitalism rewards rare and valuable.

Making something that customers value is important, but so is making something rare.

invertedpassion.com/capitalism-rew…
2/ Markets are competitive and initial success usually leads to other companies or new startups trying to copy and replicate such success for themselves.

invertedpassion.com/steal-successf…
Read 20 tweets
21 Jul
To reduce suffering in the world, you need to first prioritize its causes

I'm trying to come up with a measure for the intensity of suffering for different conditions (starting with depression)

Want to help me with the project? Take this 2 min survey docs.google.com/forms/d/e/1FAI…

🙏
I'm doing this is because when I wrote my moral code, reducing suffering in the world came out as a clear direction:

Given limited time and money, I need to compare suffering that different conditions cause.

Hence the need for a standardized measure.
The difficulty is in standardizing this across wildly different suffering types and beings who suffer.

There are many happiness surveys, but not enough measures of suffering.
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13 Jul
Our “self-identity” doesn’t exist.

(a mini thread)
1/ Let’s take bodies.

Maybe collection of “our” cells define who we’re?

Well, we contain more bacterial cells in our bodies than “our” own cells. And these bacterial cells are essential for survival.
2/ What about DNA? Surely, that describes us.

Mitochondria that lives within each of “our” cells was once another organism that ended up in symbiosis with “our” cells. It contains its own DNA.

Also, about 8% of our DNA came from viruses.
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Your competitors are just like you: smart and hard-working.

(a tiny 🧵)
1/ Entrepreneurs have to be confident in their abilities, otherwise, they’d never take the risk of starting a business.

However, this confidence can backfire if it’s adopted as a company strategy.
2/ If you think you’re smarter or more hard-working than your competitors, your competitors are also thinking the same.
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7 Jul
Butter v/s Margarine war has an important lesson to teach for the emerging plant-based food industry.

(a mini thread)
1/ The plant-based meat alternatives industry currently is exploding.

Funding is exploding for the sector. (via @GoodFoodInst)
2/ So is sales.

For example, see @BeyondMeat's sales.
Read 17 tweets
6 Jul
Compete on cost or quality. You can’t do both.

(a short 🧵 on this mental model) Image
1/ Proven physical theories are called laws because they dictate how our world operates.

If there were such a law of capitalism, it would probably be the fact that profits attract competitors who try to eliminate it by offering customers either a lower price or a higher quality
2/ This law thus allows for only two types of businesses to exist: cost-focused business or quality-focused business.

Think of a McDonald’s v/s your neighborhood gourmet burger restaurant.

Any business that tries to be both doesn’t work out in the long run.
Read 23 tweets

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