THREAD: Being a veteran “treasure hunter” that sources from developing countries with histories of antiquities looting isn’t an asset — its a serious problem.

@insidehook may want to consider the risks associated with what they’re promoting here.

We’ll break it down👇
.@insidehook says Casa Berbere sells “antiquities from the four corners of the world… work[ing] with a wide network of reputable dealers from Thailand to Tunisia.”

Problem: Tunisia doesn’t legally allow the sale/export of antiquities so not sure how reputable those dealers are.
“Under Tunisian law, the export of movable property is prohibited. Temporary export of movable cultural property is subject to authorization of the Ministry of Cultural Affairs.”

eca.state.gov/files/bureau/t…
Not only is it illegal to export movable Tunisian antiquities. @insidehook notes that the company in their article is based in LA.

Problem: April 2021 the US signed an MOU with Tunisia banning the import of antiquities from Tunisia to the US.

tn.usembassy.gov/memorandum-of-…
The US-Tunisia MOU to stop the import of antiquities from Tunisia was signed due to a surge of antiquities looting in the country.

The US is a major market for those looted goods.

@ENACT_Africa has reported on looting across North Africa enact-africa.s3.amazonaws.com/site/uploads/2…
Antiquities looted from Tunisia are frequently offered illicitly for sale on social media platforms like Facebook.

In this post from March 29, 2020, a user in Sidi Alouane, Tunisia offered Roman ceramic pieces (with fresh breakage) in a #Facebook trafficking group.
This brings us to our next point— the sourcing of material for this new e-commerce platform for Casa Berbere’s “museum quality” pieces, which @InsideHook makes it a point to discuss.

Lots of talk here about digital sourcing and authenticity.

Zero about provenance or legality.
What’s interesting is that it appears the owners of Casa Berbere are aware of expert restrictions and the existence of fake documents.

That being the case, we have to assume they’re aware of the MOUs restricting imports of antiquities from Tunisia, Turkey, and Iraq… BUT
Casa Berbere owners say that they are focusing on Tunisia, southern Turkey, and Iraq.

All places rife with looting and antiquities trafficking. All have laws banning antiquities sales and MOUs banning antiquity imports to the US.

HIGHLY irresponsible of @insidehook to promote.
Despite the sanctions that ban US import of cultural property from Iraq,@insidehook is promoting Iraq as needing attention from collectors.

They must have missed the 17,000 stolen Iraq artifacts being returned by the US @janearraf nytimes.com/2021/08/03/wor…
Casa Berbere’s dealers and @InsideHook are also promoting collecting from southern Turkey—known territory for antiquities trafficked from war-torn Syria (a war crime)

And just this week Turkish authorities arrested 92 for trafficking antiquities to the US sundayvision.co.ug/92-people-arre…
☝️Those were just the legal problems with what the @InsideHook article was promoting.

So now let’s look at the e-commerce they promote.

Oh… the landing site features Benin Bronzes offered for $10,00-no provenance.

Casa Berbere must be unaware of the fight to retrieve bronzes
Nigeria has been fighting desperately to retrieve the priceless antique bronzes that were stolen during colonialization and distributed to wealthy museums across the world.

The Met repatriated its Benin Bronzes to Nigeria. npr.org/2021/06/09/100…

Casa Berbere is selling theirs.
Any outlet that promotes antiquities collecting from southern Turkey and Iraq because that’s “WHERE THE GREATEST OPPORTUNITY TO FIND TREASURE EXISTS” is irresponsible.

The opportunity exists because of conflicts. @InsideHook is quite literally promoting a war crime.

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More from @ATHARProject

7 Jul
Facebook is still providing traffickers with a direct line to financiers of looting activities.

Here, a looter in Egypt posts a video of the pharaonic reliefs he has access to, he just needs funding to help finish the site

A recent case shows how a funding scheme works-THREAD
On June 30, Egypt announced the detention of a gang of 19 people, including a wealthy businessman and a former MP, for a vast scheme that involved both looting and trafficking antiquities

english.ahram.org.eg/NewsContent/1/…
Businessman Hassan Rateb was not doing the illegal excavating of course, but it was an activity he spent millions to help finance.

youm7.com/story/2021/7/1…
Read 12 tweets
14 Dec 20
THREAD: How Facebook's facilitation of antiquities trafficking can feed conflicts.

Here, a user in Yemen posts a Quran for sale in a Facebook group for manuscript and antiquities trafficking.

The group was created last month despite FB's June policy banning such activity.
The user's Facebook page lists his location in Sana'a, Yemen.

Sana'a's old city is a @UNESCO World Heritage site that has played an important role in both Arab and Islamic history. whc.unesco.org/en/list/385/

In recent years, the area has been devastated by conflict.
A deeper look at this user's Facebook profile shows that he "likes" (and follows) multiple pages for the sale of weapons.

Much of Sana'a has been captured by Houthi forces, who are mired in a conflict against Sunni tribes and their allies including Saudi Arabia.
Read 10 tweets
6 Dec 20
THREAD: This group created last month for trafficking Jewish artifacts and manuscripts is still growing

Material from users in conflict zones is still pervasive and generating interest

This user listed in Benghazi, Libya posted a series of Jewish books and manuscripts for sale
Whether these manuscripts are real or fake, they can still fund illicit networks. In some cases, like the forged Dead Sea Scrolls at the Bible museum, real ancient & looted material can be used to make forgeries.

The September date in the user's photos suggests they are not new.
Regardless of the authenticity, the items generate significant interest among other users in the group

Over a dozen users reply to inquire if the materials are available in Marrakech, Tunisia, Algeria, or Libya

The group admin replies to inquiries to confirm items are in Libya
Read 5 tweets
30 Nov 20
THREAD: Facebook relies on the public, researchers, & journalists to moderate their platform. But even blatantly violating content does not get removed.

On Sat. we reported weapons for sale in an antiquities trafficking group—it went as expected.

Facebook, this is unacceptable.
On Saturday, November 28, ATHAR found and reported an advertisement post in a Facebook antiquities trafficking group that was offering weapons for sale to anyone in Egypt.

The user, listed in Cairo, was offering delivery to any governorate.
Facebook's Community Standards explicitly ban content that "Attempts to buy, sell, trade, donate, gift or solicit firearms...between private individuals, unless posted by a real brick and mortar store, legitimate website, brand or government agency"

facebook.com/communitystand…
Read 15 tweets
28 Nov 20
THREAD UPDATE 2: Three days ago we highlighted how this Facebook group created on Nov 6 for trafficking books and artifacts had doubled.

It gained another 500+ members in that 3 days, and more illicit material is being offered for sale from across MENA, including in conflict. Image
New material is offered in this antiquities trafficking Facebook group every hour.

Just three hours ago a user, who does not have a listed location, offered a handwritten Quran for sale.

Within minutes group members inquired about the price.

This is the Facebook black market. Image
On Nov. 27 a user listed in Basra, Iraq offered 16 artifacts for sale in the Facebook trafficking group created on Nov. 6.

While most of the material is likely fake, *it still monetizes illicit networks,* and pieces like the gold coins can be sold for their material value. ImageImageImageImage
Read 6 tweets
25 Nov 20
THREAD UPDATE: Just one week ago we posted this new Facebook group created for trafficking Jewish manuscripts and artifacts

7 days later, the membership has more than doubled from 727 members to roughly 1,600 members

That's a rate of over 120 new members per day since last week
This Facebook trafficking group's rapid growth means that members are offering trafficked pieces for sale more frequently.

Just 4 hours ago a user with an unlisted location offered a torah scroll for sale.

Reminder: Facebook banned the sale of historical artifacts in June.
Material is still being offered from countries in conflict in the Facebook group for trafficking Jewish manuscripts and artifacts.

Just 5 hours ago, a user in Tripoli, Libya offered a historic Hebrew book for sale. He claims that it is 170 years old.
Read 5 tweets

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