In the thread is.gd/ycy0KB, we found out what time is and what space is in the information universe. These are two types of differences between the observed beings in the information structure of the universe: causal and non-causal.
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But if with time everything is more or less clear, it is one-dimensional and unidirectional, since it is determined by the causal relationships, then some understatement remains by the nature of space.
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The thread talks about some degrees of freedom, but says nothing about what we first expect from a conversation about space: dimensionality. How do these degrees of freedom relate to the fact that we exist in three-dimensional space?
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The short answer is no way. The space discussed in that thread is just a concept that denotes the difference of beings, not related to causation, but it is not yet physical space that we measure in meters.
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Obviously, this concept is the basis for defining physical space, but still, physical space is something much richer in properties and capabilities.
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And if we talk about dimensionality, then the space of the universe is three-dimensional because all of its beings are derivatives of the metric of the universe, which determines the three-dimensional spherical coordinate system:
But besides this, space, according to general relativity, can still be curved. And according to the special relativity - to shrink. And it has a finite maximum size of about 93 billion light years. And there, very close to the vacuum with its intricate physics.
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By the way, with time, too, not everything is simple, and it clearly has a tricky physical embodiment, since it can slow down in relativity, and at least has a beginning almost 14 billion years ago.
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All these additional possibilities of both time and space (physical) are somehow connected with gravity and, interestingly, with speed, which itself is connected with time and space.
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In this thread, we, without pretending to be strict and complete, will give explanations for these phenomena on the basis of InfToE
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To begin with, let's recall the material already covered:
✦ The universe is information and nothing else. All beings in the universe are multilevel combinations of elements of this information S "the same" and O "the other" (is.gd/3FKvsq).
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✦ Beings in the universe can be between each other in a causal relationship: оne being (the observer) includes another being (the observed), and these relationships are time. (is.gd/W2hji2)
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✦ Non-causal differences between beings are space.
(is.gd/jDHl6h)
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✦ Each being - observer is a consequence of its causal observations, it consists of the information of its constituent simpler beings, which forms a cone of observations, which is a fragment of the entire information structure of the universe. (is.gd/ExeJkg)
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So, the observed time, which the observer perceives, is determined by the amount of information contained in the observation: the more information, the faster the observer perceives the observed time.
This is very easy to see.
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The amount of information contained in the observation is obviously determined by two factors: roughly – the number of S and O elements that make up the fragment, and subtly – the multilevel structure of relations between these elements.
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Accordingly, the more elements S and O are contained in the observation, and the more complex the structure of their causal relationships, the more information is contained in the observation.
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Each causal relation is accompanied by a certain interval necessary to distinguish the consequence from the cause (is.gd/5QPRHH). The more relations in observation, the more information, the faster the observer perceives the observed time represented by them.
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Usually the observer has observations that are adequate to its own complexity, which determines the general flow of time for it. The differences become noticeable only when approaching the limits of observability, when the amount of information is minimal.
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Because let's not forget that the above metric of the universe determines that three factors play a role in observations:
• the observer,
• the observable,
• the conditions of observation.
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The same follows from the informational structure of the universe: in the general case, the observer observes the observable not directly (as its direct component), but through intermediate observables.
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This greatly complicates the simple "more information, faster time" rule. As already mentioned, these complications become noticeable in observations close to the limits of observability.
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E.g., distant regions of the universe look simple to us according to the inverse square law, and information from them reaches us almost directly by simple photons. Accordingly, these observations are really simple for us, and we perceive their time as the current slower.
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In this slow time, we observe slower oscillators, this is the very redshift that modern cosmology mistakenly interprets as the Doppler effect and builds on this idea the grandiose edifice of the fictive Big Bang theory.
In fact, there is no expansion of the universe.
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(The very idea of expanding the universe is a funny logical clinch. To expand somewhere, you need to have something outside, but then do not call that which is expanding, the universe.)
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(And it's also funny that about the expansion that is detected from the inside of the expanding one, talks the same people, who assert the impossibility of detecting a fall from the inside of a freely falling one.)
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At a slower time, bodies appear more massive, and this is the same effect that modern cosmology mistakenly interprets as excess gravity of "dark matter".
In fact, there is no dark matter.
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(The very idea of dark matter is a funny logical clinch. Researchers are trying to combine complete general relativity with the complete Standard Model by introducing dark matter, which negates the completeness of both.)
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In the limit, the observable information from the most distant regions of the universe becomes extremely simple, and then it is completely absent. This is the border of the universe: the universe does not exist further it.
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We are located strictly in the center of the geometrically spherical universe.
This is not an "observable" universe. This is the entire real universe as it is.
There is no universe beyond this border, 46,5 billion light years away from us.
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The universe looks different when we observe its past. Simple information from a simple universe that existed at the beginning of time reaches us through the complex thickness of the entire history of the universe, and as a result is a very complex observation.
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More precisely, this observation is as complex as possible, because its cone has a depth equal to the entire history of the universe.
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Accordingly, the observed time immediately after the beginning of time is perceived by us as very fast, in the limit (at the beginning of time) – infinitely fast (that is, absent).
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Because of this speed, we perceive the processes taking place in the early universe as an explosion. But this is not a primitive banal explosion of some mythical primary singularity, corny extrapolated from the Doppler redshift, but really very fast physical processes.
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The fact is that, as we approach the limit of observability, the simplification of the observed being leads to a simplification of physics: first complex, and then increasingly simple phenomena, laws and concepts are gradually weakened and taken out of action.
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Physical processes are taking place that are impossible under conditions of normal, fully developed physics. In particular, the universe somehow had to move from a nonexistent size to the one that it has (what modern cosmology is represent as mythical "inflation").
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However, if we do not observe the beginning of time through the entire history of the universe, but use a simple mediator for observation – relic radiation – then we will get a very simple observation, and, accordingly, slow observable time.
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The cosmic microwave background was created by the slow oscillators of the early very simple universe and is therefore low-frequency.
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Another example of simplifying observations is given by relativistic velocity. Only extremely simple objects can reach such speeds. Observations becomes simpler, observed time slows down, observed mass grows.
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By the way, simplification of observation also leads to a contraction in the observed linear size. It means that:
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• the closer to the boundaries of the universe, the more flat in the direction of the line of observation the observed objects become, in the limit (at the boundary of the universe) the thickness of objects becomes zero,
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• the closer to the speed of light, the more contracted in the direction of motion the moving objects become, in the limit (at the speed of light) the length of the object becomes zero,
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• the closer to the beginning of time, the smaller all observed linear dimensions become, in the limit (at the beginning of time) all dimensions become zero.
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The mentioned contraction of space when approaching the boundaries of the universe leads to an advanced growth of the redshift, which is mistakenly interpreted in the fictive LCDM model as an acceleration of the expansion of the universe.
There is no any "dark energy".
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In the case of complex observers who are able to build internal models of reality, which are living beings (is.gd/iGp3cq), the physical picture is enriched by their ability to perceive their own internal (simulated) time and compare it with the observed external.
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The child's brain in the process of formation is relatively simple, and therefore a person in childhood perceives his time as flowing more slowly, but as he grows up, his inner time accelerates more and more.
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This is not a psychological effect, as it is mistakenly thought. This is a physical effect. A child's time actually flows more slowly than an adult's time.
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The same effect takes place depending on intellectual development: more complexly organized individuals have a faster internal time.
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So, we apologize that by presenting you with InfToE, we are speeding up your time, shortening your life. However, for the relatively few years remaining for mankind (is.gd/NH8Q9m), this is not a very significant reduction, so we are not very worried about this.
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In the thread is.gd/L7tevL we have substantiated the fine-tuned universe. And since the InfToE allows to solve such problems (this is exactly what the ToE should do), let's apply it to more fundamental, and therefore interesting tasks.
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Let's figure out what time is and what space is.
In modern physics, since it does not have the prospect of sufficiently deep penetration into the foundation of the universe, this task is simply not relevant.
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Physics solves more particular problems: it tries to understand how something exists in time and space. The very time and space physics actually considers to be "godgivens" (is.gd/Lhp9QN).
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Another topic that confuses physicists no less than the heat death of the universe (which we discussed in is.gd/VQzfVI) is the fine tuning of the universe, and inexorably following it (no matter how hard try to come up with alternatives) the anthropic principle.
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This confusion is much stronger, because on the other side of the barricade there looms not soulless thermodynamics, which, after all, is still physics, but a much more alien enemy - someone's intelligent design.
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And this problem cannot be bypassed, ignored, or postponed for later. It is a fact: the values of the constants on which the existence of our universe is based are exactly such that this existence is possible.
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The idea of this thread is dictated by a curious situation, however, quite typical for science which has reached an impasse, from which it can no longer get out. Having lost the path of knowledge, physics goes forward at random, not knowing what it is looking for.
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A typical example of such a model of cognition "we do not know what we are looking for, so when we find it, then we will decide whether it is it or not" – the search for dark matter.
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Pretty arbitrarily combining several disparate observations, physicists have come up with a fantastic stuff that is tasked with explaining these observations. And although even in such form it doesn't do this well, they looking for this magic wand in reality.
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Colleague expresses the opinion that increasing entropy will eventually eliminate everything in the universe.
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This is a very interesting opinion indeed.
And first of all, it is interesting in attitude to this problem in modern physics. Modern physics is little shy about this topic.
Because it is very inconvenient not to have a clear answer to a such simple question.
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This question sounds like this: "Will the heat death of the universe occur: yes or no?"
If you ask physicist, he will do everything not to answer. He will discourse a lot, deeply explain, refer to the history and latest research, but you shouldn't expect neither yes nor no.
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Some (few) people are wondering: why is Elon Musk @elonmusk going to send a million people to Mars in the next 40 years, and why is preparing for this with such energy, which (if to leave aside the charm of achievements of this very extraordinary person) is more like a rush?
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@elonmusk We visited the Moon half a century ago and since then have done quite well without far space flights. Is it possible that such a waste of funds and efforts is simply explained by the fact that one enthusiast was carried away by the idea of giving humanity a multi-planetary?
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A fleet of 1000 #Starship, 3 launches per day, difficulties and suffering in flight and in life in the colony, losses ... Expenses with which even the Sahara or Antarctica can turn into a paradise for the same people. And all this for what? Just out of principle, let it be?
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