Ok, getting questions about why we need virus isolates. That is NOT necessary for diagnostics, that can be done by PCR or antigen testing. But virus isolates make it possible to measure if antibodies from vaccines infections can neutralize the virus.
In addition, this is used to compare behavior of new variants in different cell types and mini organs, as one way to understand if it really is different from previous variants
Same is done in animal and culture models for testing of treatments
So that is why, with a new virus or new variants, labs need to. Be able to get virus isolates. And this is a huge bottleneck, globally. This was the same at the start of the pandemic.
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De zeer waardevolle gegevens van het PIENTER onderzoek, waarbij niveaus antistoffen tegen spike ( door infectie en vaccinatie) en tegen N eiwit ( tegen vaccinatie) worden gemeten bij voldoende deelnemers om een beeld te krijgen van de hele bevolking. rivm.nl/pienter-corona…
Dit is de vijfde ronde. Vorige keren waren april/mei, juni/juli en sept/oct 2020, en feb /maart en juni/juli 2021. De gegevens zijn dus van net voor de zomer. De volgende ronde is in november. In deze ronde zijn gegevens van vaccinatie zichtbaar
Bijvoorbeeld antistoffen na eerste en tweede vaccinatie ( alleen eerste voor jansen). De kleuren geven het verschil tussen mensen die niet eerder COVid hebben gehad ( paars) en mensen die dat wel hadden (oranje). Niveau’s wat hoger voor de mRNA vaccins
Michael edelstein at ph expert meeting: Factors contributing to success israel: 1. Vaccines for data providing early and high coversge access to vaccines 2. Small country, concentrated population 3. Good communication campaigns, tailored comm 4. suppression antivaccine messaging
Social media unit at govmt shutting down antivax social media initiatives 5. Managing natl emergencies from history of the country , experienced and tested collaboration for mass response 6. Centralised healthcare system and centralised data.
High quality data, highly automated from use of apps linked to central database
Ok, a tweetorial for the most frequently asked question of this period for all virologists: what will flu do.
I was asked to present how we look at flu in the coming season. First question: what will the COVID 19 pandemic “do” in fall. Restrictions to reduce circulation have really had an impact on flu circulation as well. Look at the global flu surveillance data who.int/tools/flunet
Then question: what happens if there is a two year gap in flu circulation? What does that do to population immunity? This study looked at waning of protective antibodies over time, and estimates 25% reduction over 2 years in unvaccinated individuals.
Draad van iemand die mogelijk derde vaccinatie nodig heeft voor voldoende bescherming. Geeft goed weer wat onzekerheden zijn. Er zijn een aantal studies gedaan bij verschillende patientengroepen. RECOVAC, VOICE onder anderen. Die mensen hebben verminderde afweer 1/..
En daardoor mogelijk verminderde respons op vaccinatie. Dat is onderzocht, zowel antistof niveaus zoals hier beschreven als ook cellulaire afweer. De combinatie bepaalt de mate van bescherming. Wat daar precies voor nodig is is onbekend, dus grenswaarden zijn niet “hard” 1/..
Het doen van onderzoek kost tijd. Het is duur dus er moet subsidie aangevraagd worden . Daarvoor schrijven de onderzoekers een voorstel, dat wordt naar een mogelijke financier gestuurd ( bijvoorbeeld zonmw, de EU), beoordeeld door onafhankelijke deskundigen, en dan 1/..
A common discussion, also in our country is “ is this need to know or nice to know?” . And the answer to that question may differ depending on your perspective. In my view, this is a key barrier to generating important and high quality field data.
Particularly when the outcomes do not directly impact on the ongoing situation. For instance tracking mutations during a large bird flu outbreak that led to mild infections in humans (h7n7 in 2003) was challenging. Same with follow up of sars cov 2 on mink farms
An important critical review of a paper claiming cases of COVID19 occurred already in summer 2019 with a virus that based on all molecular analyses was a descendant of the original Wuhan virus. Contamination is a serieus possibility with use of the techniques described here
Agree to all that is mentioned in the thread. Also: these were said to be acute phase cases, as they were “ caught” by fever-and-rash surveillance, the way cases of measles and rubella are detected. In acute phase we really do not have any difficulty pulling complete genomes out
Rather than using nested PCR to amplify a fragment. Other point: the serology. Before completely changing what is currently known about SARScov 2 analyses, evidence needs to be robust. The serology used here could not be confirmed by neutralisation test for the early cases