Legal immigration should be straightforward for MS/PhD students in 2022.
To enhance your concentration on scholarly work, here are 6 ways to become a permanent resident (PR) in the United States.
Some are self-sponsored: no employer or marriage needed.
A short thread
1. Family-based
The most-common path to permanent residency in the U.S.
Straightforward. A citizen sponsors you- as a spouse, or as their child, or sibling.
A lawful permanent resident (aka green card holder) can sponsor you as a spouse.
2. Employment-based immigration
Find an employer to sponsor your PR. Typically, you'd have to begin work with an H-1b work visa with the employer before transitioning to PR status.
For this to happen, employers must prove that no US worker is available to fill the position.
This lengthy and costly process is called PERM labor certification. Big companies do not mind sponsoring H1bs, but H1b applications substantially exceed the maximum # that the government allows per year. Hence, it is administered in a lottery system (except for academia).
Here is a site that tracks the biggest H-1b employers in the United States. You may search your favorite company and see if they sponsor H-1bs and the approved # each year. h1bgrader.com
3. File PR under the EB-1 category.
This is reserved for persons with extraordinary ability in the sciences, arts, education, business, or athletics, (EB-1A, aka Einstein's visa), or outstanding professors and researchers (EB-1B)
EB-1A is self-sponsored
EB-1B needs an employer
Qualification under both categories gives you and your family access to green cards straight away!
As a Non-STEM student in the U.S, our Senior Partner- Dr. Muzata (@ChundaSombo), self-sponsored herself for PR under the EB-1A category and got it before her PhD graduation.
She is developing a comprehensive resource that will teach us HOW TO BUILD EVIDENCE for PR success under this category as a non-STEM student/Postdoc, with all document prep.
A refugee is granted refugee status while still outside the United States; an asylum seeker is granted asylee status after entering the country or while seeking admission at a port of entry.
Difficult to attain but you get PR status after 1 year
6. The Diversity Visa Lottery
With only 50,000 visas available and an average of 15 million applicants each year, the chance of winning this lottery is well below 1%.
Feeling lucky?
These are some of the realistic ways of becoming a PR (as a scholar) so that you can continue your development peacefully in this great country.
We teach how to build evidence for the self-sponsored PR paths (EB-1A/EB2-NIW) in the U.S. based on our personal success and acquired experience as STEM and Non-STEM scholars, to make them easier and cheaper for you to attain.
Your chances will depend on how the application review process works for your intended program. Unfortunately, it is mostly hard to tell from the outside looking in.
For some programs, they use the test scores as an initial metric to screen out applicants when they have many applications than they can handle.
In this case, you are at risk of early rejection if you don't meet their minimum scores