Given the current goings-on in #Ottawa I'm reminded of a book the late Gilles Paquet and I did in 2012 surveying the plans and aspirations for Canada's capital over its lifetime.
The Unimagined Canadian Capital: Challenges for the Federal Capital Region amazon.ca/dp/0986871648/…
The federal government's challenge in Ottawa is that apart from federally owned NCC lands and buildings, it is reliant entirely on municipal and provincial law enforcement. Ottawa is a mere municipality in the Province of Ontario and the Feds are one of many who reside here.
To learn more about how different capitals are governed see our 2011 book mqup.ca/finance-and-go…
Geetoshree #SandhyaMukhopadhyay (সন্ধ্যা মুখোপাধ্যায়)) passed away at the age of 90 on 15 February 2022. She was the doyen of Bengali playback music and a household name in both Bengals.
Sandhya, was she was popularly known, was born in Dhakuria, Calcutta, on 4 October 1931 to Narendranath Mukherjee, a railway official, and Hemprova Devi. She was the youngest of six children.
By her teen years she was already being trained in Hindustani Classical Music under the tutelage of Pandits A. T. Kannan and Chinmoy Lahiri.
The Madras and Southern Mahratta Railway (MSM) was formed in 1908 from the merger of the Madras Railway Company (MR) which operated a broad gauge (BG) system and the Southern Mahratta Railway(SMR) metre gauge (MG) system.
In 1943, MSM operated 1518 miles of Broad gauge track and 2087 miles of Metre gauge track across southern India.
Madras Railway Company (MR) was incorporated in 1845 for the purposes of building a 70 mile line between Madras and the military base at Arcot. In 1859, its mandate was expanded to Beypore, with branches to Bangalore, and via Bellary, to join the line from Bombay.
The North-Western State Railway (NWR) was formed in 1886 by merging the Sind, Punjab and Delhi Railway, the Indus Valley State Railway, the Punjab Northern State Railway, the eastern section of the Sind-Sagar Railway and the southern section of the Sind-Pishin State Railway.
The NWR operated a board gauge network on the following mainlines Karachi to Quetta, Karachi to Lahore, Lahore to Delhi and Lahore to Peshawar. By 1947, it operated 6861 miles of track.
The oldest section of track in the system was opened between Karachi City and Kotri in 1861 by the Scinde Railway. The terminus became the Karachi Cantt Station.
Brij Mohan Nath Mishra was born on 4 February 1937 in Lucknow into an illustrious family of musicians. Popularly known as #BirjuMaharaj he would go on to become one of the most recognized personalities of Indian classical dance and make his own way as a artiste.
His father was the famed Pt. Jagannath Mishra (d.1947) , popularly known as Achchan Maharaj was the eldest among the three sons of Pt. Kalika Prasad. He was an expert of both Nritta and Bhava. He would serve as court musician of the Raja of Raigdh.
Achchan Maharaj was a disciple of both his father Kalika Prasad (d.1910) as well as his uncle very famous uncle Bindadin Maharaj (1830-1913). Originally from Lucknow, the duo were pioneers of contemporary kathak as court musicians of Nawab Wajid Ali Shah of Awadh.
#Kolkata's trams are famous. The electric #trams were first introduced in 1902 and at their peak covered 40 lines carried commuters over a 70 km network. Today only 28 km of the network remains. Once upon a time other cities in India also had electric/mechanical trams.
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#Karachi Tramway first opened for traffic in 1885 as a steam tramway. By 1909 the East India Tramwag Co, had an all petrol/diesel fleet of trams. In 1949 the whole tramway system was sold to the Mohamedali Tramways Company (MTC). All 4 lines closed in 1975.
#Bombay Tramway Company Limited was established in 1873. Electrified service began in 1907 and double-deck tram service in 1920. At its peak in 1935, 433 trams ran on 47 km of track. The service closed in 1964.