Geetoshree #SandhyaMukhopadhyay (সন্ধ্যা মুখোপাধ্যায়)) passed away at the age of 90 on 15 February 2022. She was the doyen of Bengali playback music and a household name in both Bengals.
Sandhya, was she was popularly known, was born in Dhakuria, Calcutta, on 4 October 1931 to Narendranath Mukherjee, a railway official, and Hemprova Devi. She was the youngest of six children.
By her teen years she was already being trained in Hindustani Classical Music under the tutelage of Pandits A. T. Kannan and Chinmoy Lahiri.
When Ustad Bade Ghulam Ali Khan returned to India in 1957, Chinmoy Lahiri suggested he take Sandhya on as a student. She would remain a student of his for the remainder of his days and then learn from her Guru-bhai and BGAK's son Munwar Ali Khan.
She began her playback career in Mumbai starting with a song in the film Tarana in 1950. She sang for 17 Hindi films before returning to Kolkata in 1952. Here is the signature song from Tarana, released in 1951.
She would go on to establish herself as the undisputed playback voice of generations of Bengali actresses and sing every genre of Bengali music from Rabindra Sangeet, Nazrul Geeti and Semi-Classical pieces
In film music she would become synonymous with the female voice of the Suchitra-Uttam romantic duets, working closely with Hemanta Mukhopadhyay (Hemant Kumar of Bollywood, and no relation!).
One of her all time great film hits was the 1956 song
“Ghum Ghum Chand" ঘুম ঘুম চাঁদ” বাংলা গান From Sabar Upare, starring Suchitra Sen
Her she is performing the same song in 2010, at one of her last public concert aged almost 80.
My favorite is the semi-classical film song in Raag Kalavati is the duet with Manna Dey, Manna from Antony Firingee (1967) Starring Uttam Kumar and Tanuja (yes, Nutan's sister and K-Jo's mother)
And here Manna Dey and Sandhya perform another of their superhit duets from the movie Chirodiner 1969. Here in 2010, she is 80 and he is 91 years old.
Here is one of my favorite Nazrul Geeti's in her voice.
"Anjali Laho Mor Sangite"
My favourite Rabindra Sangeet in Sandhya's voice "Deep nibhe gachhe momo"
In 1966, she married Shyamal Gupta, a famous poet and lyricist. They were married until he passed away in 2010.
A famous Rag-Prodhan song of her's "Bijori Chomoke Hiya Knape" was composed by Shyamal Gupta in 1979 and produced by Munawar Ali Khan
But my favaroite semi-classical solo by Sandhya Mukhopadhyay is the Gouriprasanna Majumdar composition in 1958 "Poth Charo Ogo Shyam"
While she stopped giving concerts, she remained a singer to the very and would often sing impromptu in public gatherings. Here she is in 2017 (aged 85) singing her chestnut "Ghum ghum chand"
She leaves a massive void in the hearts of Bengalis. It is a shame that the government of India took until 2022 to even offer her a Padma award (and that too a PadmaShree!) when 3rd rate Bollywood artists received all kinds of honours. She was a real Bongo Rotno! Om Shanti!
Given the current goings-on in #Ottawa I'm reminded of a book the late Gilles Paquet and I did in 2012 surveying the plans and aspirations for Canada's capital over its lifetime.
The Unimagined Canadian Capital: Challenges for the Federal Capital Region amazon.ca/dp/0986871648/…
The federal government's challenge in Ottawa is that apart from federally owned NCC lands and buildings, it is reliant entirely on municipal and provincial law enforcement. Ottawa is a mere municipality in the Province of Ontario and the Feds are one of many who reside here.
To learn more about how different capitals are governed see our 2011 book mqup.ca/finance-and-go…
The Madras and Southern Mahratta Railway (MSM) was formed in 1908 from the merger of the Madras Railway Company (MR) which operated a broad gauge (BG) system and the Southern Mahratta Railway(SMR) metre gauge (MG) system.
In 1943, MSM operated 1518 miles of Broad gauge track and 2087 miles of Metre gauge track across southern India.
Madras Railway Company (MR) was incorporated in 1845 for the purposes of building a 70 mile line between Madras and the military base at Arcot. In 1859, its mandate was expanded to Beypore, with branches to Bangalore, and via Bellary, to join the line from Bombay.
The North-Western State Railway (NWR) was formed in 1886 by merging the Sind, Punjab and Delhi Railway, the Indus Valley State Railway, the Punjab Northern State Railway, the eastern section of the Sind-Sagar Railway and the southern section of the Sind-Pishin State Railway.
The NWR operated a board gauge network on the following mainlines Karachi to Quetta, Karachi to Lahore, Lahore to Delhi and Lahore to Peshawar. By 1947, it operated 6861 miles of track.
The oldest section of track in the system was opened between Karachi City and Kotri in 1861 by the Scinde Railway. The terminus became the Karachi Cantt Station.
Brij Mohan Nath Mishra was born on 4 February 1937 in Lucknow into an illustrious family of musicians. Popularly known as #BirjuMaharaj he would go on to become one of the most recognized personalities of Indian classical dance and make his own way as a artiste.
His father was the famed Pt. Jagannath Mishra (d.1947) , popularly known as Achchan Maharaj was the eldest among the three sons of Pt. Kalika Prasad. He was an expert of both Nritta and Bhava. He would serve as court musician of the Raja of Raigdh.
Achchan Maharaj was a disciple of both his father Kalika Prasad (d.1910) as well as his uncle very famous uncle Bindadin Maharaj (1830-1913). Originally from Lucknow, the duo were pioneers of contemporary kathak as court musicians of Nawab Wajid Ali Shah of Awadh.
#Kolkata's trams are famous. The electric #trams were first introduced in 1902 and at their peak covered 40 lines carried commuters over a 70 km network. Today only 28 km of the network remains. Once upon a time other cities in India also had electric/mechanical trams.
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#Karachi Tramway first opened for traffic in 1885 as a steam tramway. By 1909 the East India Tramwag Co, had an all petrol/diesel fleet of trams. In 1949 the whole tramway system was sold to the Mohamedali Tramways Company (MTC). All 4 lines closed in 1975.
#Bombay Tramway Company Limited was established in 1873. Electrified service began in 1907 and double-deck tram service in 1920. At its peak in 1935, 433 trams ran on 47 km of track. The service closed in 1964.