What are hundreds of skeletons doing at the bottom of a lake in an icy Himalayan wasteland? When the snow melts, it pulls back a frozen curtain, exposing 600-800 skeletons, some 1,200 years old! What spooky secrets does Roopkund Lake in Uttarakhand hold? 1/5 #Archaeology
At an elevation of 5,029 m, Roopkund Lake is very remote. One theory is that these are the remains of a King, his family and attendants, who died here while on a pilgrimage 1,000 years ago. Other theories include fallen soldiers during war and victims of an epidemic. 2/5
The mystery deepened recently, when studies revealed some astonishing results. The deceased were from diverse ethnic groups. More incredible, they belonged to different time periods! This means they did not all die from a single catastrophic event. 3/5
DNA analysis on 38 skeletons shows one group from South Asia, another from the Eastern Mediterranean, and one individual from East Asia. Radiocarbon dating shows that some of the dead belonged to the 7th-10th CE and others to the 17th-20th CE. 4/5 #Genetics
The Nanda Devi pilgrimage, which passes near the lake, explains why people were travelling in the area in large numbers. Some might have died in a shower of hailstones, an event mentioned in local #folklore. We’ll just have to wait for Roopkund to be ready to tell all. 5/5.
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This spectacular mountain pass near Nashik in Maharashtra, has a very peculiar feature seen near it - a large 2000 year old urn that was used to deposit coins. It is this urn that gives the mountain pass its name ‘Nane Ghat’, ‘Nane’ being a reference to coins. (1/6)
While popular with mountain trekkers today, this place would have been buzzing with merchants and caravans, two thousand years ago. (2/6)
The Nane Ghat was an important mountain pass on a trade route that connected Paithan, the Satavahana capital, with Sopara, its main port. (3/6)
Lohri is a harvest festival celebrated in the Punjab region. It marks the end of Winter Solstice and people celebrate it by singing folk songs in front of a bonfire. One such song is of Dulha Bhatti, who is considered to be the Robinhood of Punjab. 1/5
This folk hero Dulla Bhatti, was born in Badar village in the 16th century CE. He belonged to the Muslim Rajput Bhatti clan who controlled the Pindi Bhattian town near Lahore. Dulla’s father and grandfather had fought against the Mughals and lost their lives. 2/5
Emperor Akbar imposed the zabti system of taxation and appointed faujdar to collect taxes from the zamindars. So, Dulla Bhatti led a peasant rebellion against the imperial authority. Dulla Bhatti terrorized and looted the treasury of the imperial officials & helped the poor. 3/5
#RajivGandhi began his political career as ‘Mr Clean’ but this image was shattered by the end of his term in office. Allegations of #corruption first surfaced in April 1987, when kickbacks in government deals were linked to Rajiv. 1/9
Problems started when his Finance Minister V P Singh conducted a series of inquiries and raids into alleged #forex violations of industrialists and other prominent people known to Rajiv. Some were his close friends. Rajiv moved Singh to the Defence Ministry. 2/9
But in April 1987, the Indian Embassy in Bonn sent a letter to Singh informing him that a Rs 30-crore bribe had been paid to middlemen during the purchase of HDW submarines. Singh ordered an inquiry and resigned from the Cabinet in protest. 3/9
Just after his victory in the 1984 elections, #RajivGandhi faced his first big challenge. On 23rd April 1985, the Supreme Court ordered the ex-husband of a Muslim woman from Indore, Shah Bano, to pay her maintenance under Section 125 of the Criminal Procedure Code (CrPC). 1/13
Shah Bano's ex-husband Mohammed Ahmad Khan had argued in the Madhya Pradesh High Court, that under Islamic Law, he had paid his divorced wife three months' maintenance, and he wasn't obliged to pay any more. 2/13 #IndiaAt75
But the apex court maintained that "there is no conflict between the provisions of Section 125 and those of the Muslim Personal Law on the question of a Muslim husband's obligation to provide maintenance for a divorced wife who is unable to maintain herself". 3/13 #ModernIndia
#RajivGandhi was barely 40 when he became Prime Minister of #India. #Politics was not his first choice as a career and yet Rajiv, an airline #pilot, found himself in the hot seat after his mother, Indira Gandhi, was assassinated in October 1984, when she was PM. 1/13 #IndiaAt75
When Rajiv took over, he had a clean personal and political image. He was non-controversial. His initiation to #politics had taken place on the death of his brother Sanjay. In 1981, Rajiv stood for election from Amethi in Uttar Pradesh and won a seat in the Lok Sabha. 2/13
#Terrorism was already raging in Punjab, and in the midst of the 1984 election campaign, #India was hit by the world’s worst industrial disaster. On 3rd December, a poisonous gas leak from American multinational Union Carbide killed 2,000 people in Bhopal. 3/12 #ModernIndia
Caste-based #reservations are always a subject of debate but the #quotasystem is much older than most people think. The first reservations on economic grounds were introduced in #India as early as 1902. 1/11
On 26th July 1902, an order was issued by the ruler of the princely state of #Kolhapur. It said that 50% of all vacancies in offices/government jobs will be filled by the #backwardclasses. This order sent shockwaves across British-India. 2/11
And he royal who introduced this revolutionary change was Kolhapur’s visionary ruler Chhatrapati Shahu Maharaj. 3/11