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Aug 1 • 10 tweets • 7 min read
#TodayinHistory in 1944 & in 2009, two #PH presidents died respectively—President Manuel L. Quezon, while in exile in Saranac Lake, New York, & President Corazon C. Aquino, in Makati City. The former died while in office, the latter, after her term. THREAD. #history
With the Japanese invasion of the Philippines & entire Southeast Asia in December 1941, Quezon & select members of his Cabinet moved the seat of gov to Corregidor. After months, knowing imminent defeat, they were urged to escape. They left in March '42.
Quezon established the Commonwealth gov-in-exile in Washington, D.C. while campaigning for the U.S. reprioritization of the liberation of #PH under the Japanese. While doing so, his Tuberculosis worsened. The U.S. Joint Resolution 95 extended his term.
Finally on this day in 1944, never seeing his country liberated, Quezon passed away at a "cure cottage" in Saranac Lake. His Vice President, Sergio Osmeña assumed the presidency of the #PH Commonwealth. indiohistorian.tumblr.com/post/951752583…
Meanwhile, Corazon Aquino was swept to power by the EDSA People Power Revolution in February 1986 that toppled the Marcos dictatorship. On 25 Feb 1986, she was sworn in as President of #PH at 10:46 am.
Her admin was challenged by several coup attempts, and other issues such as unrest from unfulfilled agrarian reform. W/ the Mendiola Massacre in 22 Jan 1987, her head of Presidential Committee on Human Rights, Jose W. Diokno, resigned in disappointment.
Nevertheless, her admin is credited for instituting a new Constitution that strengthened safeguards on Filipino civil rights (1987 Consti), initiating autonomy for Cordillera & the Moros, & ensuring peaceful transition to the next president.
17 years after her term, opposing certain moves of her successors, while having been the figurehead of democracy in #PH, Cory Aquino died after a long struggle w/ cancer #onthisday in 2009 in Makati Medical Center. #PH went into national mourning for 10 days.
Photos:
- Quezon funeral at St. Matthews Cathedral, Rhode Island, Presidential Museum & Library (PML)
- Aquino funeral procession, @PhilippineStar
- Quezon w/ Major Emigdio Cruz, Miami, Florida, PhilippineDiaryProject.com
- Corazon Aquino sworn in as #PH President, PML
For @subselfie.
@jmnualla
@tonitiemsin

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Kristoffer Pasion Profile picture
Aug 2
#TodayinHistory in 1882, Monte de Piedad y Caja de Ahorros de Manila (Mount of Piety & Savings Bank of Manila), the oldest savings bank in #PH, began its operations. It was 1st in the Philippines to offer loans to the poor w/ moderate interest. THREAD
#banking #kasaysayan Image
Since the end of the Galleon trade in 1815, #PH economy under colonial administration was forced to diversify. While there were gains in this shift, it caused disparities among wage-earners in colonial Philippines, w/ its effects being felt until 1880s.
Domestic textile, for ex., couldn't compete w/ foreign imports. Low wage earners became susceptible to diseases & unemployment. To alleviate these problems, the funds from Obras Pias (religious charitable foundations linked to the Galleons) was redirected to establish...
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Kristoffer Pasion Profile picture
Jul 22
#TodayinHistory in 1815, Apolinario de la Cruz (or Hermano Pule), revolutionary religious leader, was born in Lucban, Tayabas (now Quezon province). Founding the Cofradía de San José, he led a short-lived revolt vs. Spanish gov in pursuit of religious freedom. THREAD. #history
Not much could be gathered on De la Cruz's early life. However, at the early age of 15, he had resolved to commit himself to monastic life. Being an "indio", he was refused, so he settled for being a lay brother (donado) at San Juan de Dios Hospital.
He became a member of the Cofradía de San Juan de Dios affiliated w/ the hospital. First introduced by Jesuits, religious sodalities (like these cofradias) sprouted in the provinces, holding prayer vigils & supporting charities, w/c were organized by Filipinos.
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Kristoffer Pasion Profile picture
Jul 21
#TodayinHistory in 1587, the first batch of the Dominicans, a mendicant order of Catholic priests, arrived at the port in Cavite to establish their order in the Philippines. THREAD. #history #kasaysayan #PH Image
Founded in the year 1216 in France by Dominic of Osma (St. Dominic), the Dominicans (known as the Order of Preachers, or OP) were some of the leading scholars of Europe's Middle Ages. After the Augustinians, Franciscans, and Jesuits, they arrived in #PH #onthisday in 1587. ImageImage
Although this group was not the 1st of the order to have arrived, as Domingo de Salazar, the first archbishop of Manila, & Cristóbal de Salvatierra, preceded them in 1581, the objective of this group of 15 men was to establish the order in #PH, sent to Bataan & Pangasinan.
Read 9 tweets
Kristoffer Pasion Profile picture
Jul 20
#TodayinHistory in 1815, Margarita Roxas de Ayala, foremost Filipina philanthropist of the 19th century, businesswoman, & founder of La Concordia College, was born in Santa Cruz, Manila #PH. She was an advocate for women's educ & the Roxas-Zobel de Ayala-Soriano matriarch. THREAD Image
Born to Don Domingo Roxas, a creole, & Maria Saturnina Ubaldo, a Chinese mestiza, both advocates of liberal ideas, Margarita Roxas y Ubaldo grew up as eldest of 3 children. Her maternal great grandfather died an impoverished man, w/c probably deepened her affinity to the poor.
Her father, a known industrialist & businessman earned the ire of the Spanish authorities for campaigning for reforms & going against powerful monopolies. Domingo Roxas was imprisoned several times. In 1842, Margarita went to Spain to implore Queen Isabella II...
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Kristoffer Pasion Profile picture
Jul 14
#TodayinHistory in 1974, the Philippines hosted the Miss Universe beauty pageant for the first time, the first international event held in the newly inaugurated Folk Arts Theater in Manila, which only opened seven days prior. THREAD.
Since 1966, prior to the declaration of Martial Law, Pres. Ferdinand Marcos & First Lady Imelda Marcos earned strong criticism from SenatePH & people for having an "edifice complex," that is, pouring public funds on infrastructure at the expense of other more pressing priorities.
With the declaration of Martial Law in 1972, all checks & balances of gov were abolished. The Senate & House of Reps, who checks & approves the yearly gov budget, were suspended, w/ the Legislative Bldg padlocked. The Chief Executive had all the coffers of gov for the taking.
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Kristoffer Pasion Profile picture
Jul 13
History distorters are arrogant: they dismiss evidence to uphold their bias. Meanwhile, the scholar exhibits humility. When faced w/ evidence, s/he adjusts accordingly, remaining confident that any rational person encountering the same evidence will arrive at the same conclusion.
The scholar is transparent in how s/he got his findings, showing how s/he weighed the evidence, citing reliable sources— imbibing the principle that Truth sides with no one. We only side w/ it or dismiss it. Are propagandists/history distorters ready for the truth?

No one is.
Tsismis? All I can say is, a historical study goes through fire and withstands scrutiny in the field before it gets published. Gossip spreads bec it pokes emotion, no matter how flimsy or unreliable it’s source is.
Read 4 tweets

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