This umbrella review of meta-analyses found strong evidence to suggest that physically active individuals have a lower risk of developing Alzheimer's Disease and that exercise interventions exert numerous benefits on patients who already have Alzheimer's Disease.
- The present umbrella review found that there is strong evidence of a protective effect of regular physical activity against Alzheimer's Disease risk, with active individuals having a~ 30–40% lower risk compared with inactive individuals.
- "Although a dose–response association between physical activity volume and risk of dementia has been previously reported...
"...we found no meta-analytical evidence supporting this association specifcally in AD. Moreover, the ESs found across studies were very similar, and therefore, no clear inferences can be made regarding a potential dose–response association."
BUT!
- "Regarding PA intensity, a trend toward an inverse dose–response association with the incidence of AD has been observed...
"...Specifically, individuals who practiced either high intensity and moderate-intensity PA seemed to present with lower odds of AD compared with inactive peers or those who only performed low-intensity activities...
"...but the risk reduction was higher among those who performed high-intensity PA (−38% and −29% for high-intensity and moderate-intensity PA, respectively)."
- The present umbrella review also found strong evidence of beneficial effects of exercise interventions in patients already affected by Alzheimer's Disease, including improvements in global cognitive function, some measures of physical performance, and functional independence.
"Strength training and aerobic exercise can be beneficial, but further evidence is needed to elucidate the most efective exercise characteristics for patients with AD, as only two studies performed a sensitivity analysis by type of exercise."
Here, leisure-time sedentary behavior was associated with the risk of dementia incidence and mortality, but replacing it with a short duration of physical activity was associated with a decreased risk of dementia, with the effect being stronger in APOE ε4 carriers.
- The apolipoprotein E (APOE) gene is the strongest genetic factor modulating risk for Alzheimer's Disease and dementia.
This gene has three common alleles, the protective allele APOE ε2, the neutral allele APOE ε3, and the risk allele APOE ε4.
This systematic review and meta-analysis suggests that nut consumption is likely to reduce serum triglycerides in healthy adults with overweight/obesity, and LDL-c when incorporated in one's habitual diet.
- "Subgroup analyses for serum lipids revealed that the favorable effect of nuts on serum TG was more pronounced in population with a mean BMI <30 kg/m2 and in a follow-up duration <12 weeks...
"...Moreover, in the subgroup analysis based on the type of diet, nut consumption led to a significant decrease in LDL-C in those following a normocaloric diet."
This one in Iranian adults found higher dietary oxalate intakes to be associated with an increased risk of developing hypertension and chronic kidney disease, especially when consuming lower calcium intakes.
- Compared to high-calcium consumers, subjects with lower calcium intake (< 1180 mg/d) had a higher risk of both CKD and hypertension.
- Interestingly enough, no statistically significant association was observed between dietary oxalate and the outcomes in subjects who consumed dietary calcium above the median.
This systematic review and meta-analysis finds the triglyceride glucose (TyG) Index to be a reliable, effective tool that can be used for the screening of metabolic syndrome.
- "A significant association of the TyG index with MetS was reported in all included studies, indicating the potential reliability of the TyG index as a new index for screening MetS...
This one found an inverse association between folate intake and colorectal cancer risk, while identifying 3 genes with suggestive interactive effects between total folate consumption and colerectal cancer risk: GSTA1, TONSL, and AGA.
- An inverse association between folate intake and colorectal cancer risk was observed.
- The study also identified 3 genes with suggestive interactive effects between total folate consumption and colorectal cancer risk: GSTA1, TONSL, and AGA.
This study in Finnish twins finds that an unhealthy lifestyle during pubertal years (obesity, smoking, binge drinking, low levels of physical activity) is associated with accelerated biological aging in young adulthood.
- Both the class with the overall unhealthiest lifestyle and that with a high BMI were biologically 1.7–3.3 years older than the classes with healthier lifestyle patterns when DNAm GrimAge was used...
... and had 2–5 weeks/calendar year faster pace of biological aging when using DunedinPoAm.