This systematic review and meta-analysis suggests that the use of moderate hypoxia, and/or moderate training loads & longer inter-set rest intervals under hypoxia are likely to produce small to medium beneficial effects in resistance training outcomes.
- The aim of this paper was to perform an updated systematic review and meta-analysis to explore the effect of resistance training under hypoxic conditions on muscle hypertrophy and strength development versus normoxia.
- Similar to previous studies, a simple pooled analysis without controlling for covariates did not provide compelling support for a potential benefit of resistance training under hypoxic conditions versus normoxia on muscle hypertrophy and strength development
- However, subanalyses of data, suggested a small to medium advantage in the use of moderate training loads and longer inter-set rest periods in resistance training at moderate hypoxia on muscular adaptations compared to the same training protocol under normoxic conditions.
More specifically, training programs that employ loads between 60 and 80%1RM and inter-set rest intervals ≥ 120 seconds appear to show greater increases in muscle strength and cross sectional area (CSA) compared to normoxia.
- Finally, moderate hypoxia (14.3–16% FiO2) appeared to be suitable for improvements in muscle hypertrophy compared to severe hypoxia, while this covariate did not appear to be relevant to gains in strength development.
Efficacy of resistance training in hypoxia on muscle hypertrophy and strength development: a systematic review with meta-analysis (open access)
This study sheds doubt on the impact of the food matrix on anabolism, as it found that eating salmon as a whole-food matrix is similarly anabolic compared to ingesting the same nutrients as an isolated mixture of crystalline amino acids and fish oil following resistance exercise.
- The study tried to assess the effects of eating salmon versus ingesting the same nutrients as an isolated mixture of crystalline amino acids and fish oil on the stimulation of post-exercise myofibrillar protein synthesis and whole-body leucine oxidation rates.
- Ten recreationally active adults performed an acute bout of resistance exercise followed by the ingestion of salmon or the isolated mixture in a crossover fashion.
The findings of this one suggest that the risk of major depressive disorder may be lowered, even among individuals with a high genetic risk, by a higher strength, as measured by grip strength.
- Individuals with low genetic risk and high grip strength had a lower incidence of major depressive disorder compared with individuals with high genetic risk and low grip strength.
- Individuals with high genetic risk and high grip strength also had a lower incidence of major depressive disorder compared with individuals with high genetic risk and low grip strength.
This is the last part of the series of systematic reviews and meta-analyses that this group performs in an effort to synthesize the evidence that links physical activity with breast cancer risk.
This systematic review finds that the literature overall suggests that passive or active normobaric intermittent hypoxia probably has a limited positive effect on health-related outcomes in healthy older adults compared to similar intervention in normoxia.
Key points:
- Passive and active intermittent normobaric hypoxia is likely to have a limited effect on health-related outcomes in healthy older adults, compared to a similar intervention in normoxia.
Here, the combination of exercise and a GLP-1 receptor agonist reduced metabolic syndrome severity, abdominal obesity, and inflammation following an eight-week low-calorie diet, consequently reducing cardiometabolic risk more than exercise or the GLP-1 receptor agonist alone.
- The study investigated improvements in metabolic syndrome, abdominal obesity, and low-grade inflammation during moderate-to-vigorous exercise, liraglutide 3.0 mg/day, or the combination of the two following an eight-week low-calorie diet...
...in a one-year maintenance period following a diet-induced weight loss.
This systematic review and meta-analysis suggests that cold water immersion is likely to benefit the acute recovery of endurance performance and longer-term recovery of muscle strength and power, although this may depend on the nature of the preceding exercise.
- Findings supported that cold water immersion is likely to best facilitate the recovery of endurance performance when the preceding exercise is endurance in nature and particularly when the preceding exercise is performed in the heat:
Findings suggested that that post-exercise cold water immersion is likely to enhance the acute recovery (i.e., 1 h) of endurance performance following exercise in warm-to-hot (26°C to 40°C) conditions...