#Russia has become much more dependent on #China as a result of war and #sanctions. This is about shifting trade volumes, but also the changing character of economic cooperation: It increasingly resembles the classic relationship of a petrostate with a modern economy. 1/
Most of the signature projects of the Russia-China economic partnership since 2014 have failed. Highspeed railway between Moscow and Kazan? Cancelled. The Russian-Chinese long-range airliner CR929? Practically dead. Russian 5G networks with Huawei technology? Nowhere in sight. 2/
What is thriving is Russian exports of oil, coal and gas, and Russian import of finished machinery, finished vehicles and finished electronics. This is in line with the "simplification" of Russia's economy that takes place gradually due to technological isolation. 3/
Sanctions and war have diminished the last few things that Russia was able to offer to China besides natural resources: IT experts and aircraft technology. There are still some pockets of Russian advantage, but overall, the table has strongly tilted to Russia's disadvantage. 4/4
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