Bears are vicious creatures, you blink for a second, and they can rip away any gains you had with a single swipe.
In this thread, we'll discuss the three genres of assets and how to build a portfolio that can not only survive the bear market but thrive.
2/ Asset Genres
Whether you're talking about stocks, real estate, commodities, etc., they all broadly fall into three broad archetypes that denote their behavior within a complex system:
- Fragile
- Robust
- Antifragile
3/ Fragile
These types of assets do what it says on the tin: they break when there's any volatility in their environment.
Some examples of this category might include highly leveraged positions, speculative stocks, and overvalued assets.
4/ Robust
People perceive this as the opposite of fragile - something that doesn't break regardless of volatility. These assets can withstand shocks and stressors and can provide a stable return over the long term.
Examples might include index funds, real estate, stocks, etc.
5/ Antifragile
The true opposite of fragility - these are assets that GAIN from volatility, uncertainty, and disorder.
This can be your own small business venture that adapts to new niches in the market or instances where the potential downside is capped, but the ceiling isn't.
6/ Tossing Coins
One of the best situations to be in as an investor is as follows:
- Heads, you lose a small amount of $
- Tails, you win a lot
When compared, the risk and potential payoff must be asymmetric, which is why something like playing the lottery is just gambling.
7/ VC Model
VCs natively have this antifragile investment model. They place comparatively small bets into business ventures that can have asymmetric returns.
Book publishers nowadays do the same thing - publish a bunch cheaply, and one of them will end up being Harry Potter.
8/ Hype Kills Value
Due to the laws of supply and demand, if there is excitement for something, chances are that it's overvalued, as the excitement translates into high valuations.
Instead, go one level above, and go with the force that is supplying the mania.
9/ Jeanetic Disorder
In the 1848 California gold rush, there was mainly one type of person who earned money - and it wasn't miners. It was the general store owners, selling pickaxes, shovels, and jeans, who then pivoted to selling everyday items to people when the mania ended.
10/ Putting it Together
Do not put money in fragile things. Make money in antifragile ventures, & then safeguard a portion of the earned capital over the long term in robust investments.
In this way, you maximize all the useful aspects of finance while mitigating the bad ones.
11/ Conclusion
Rather than thinking about asset types, like stocks, real estate, & digital assets, think in genres.
Real estate is not always safer than stocks.
It's worth thinking about financial instruments based on their end effects rather than the boxes we've put them in.
If you enjoyed this thread, please let us know in the comments, and subscribe to @axotrade 🧵
For something more in-depth, make sure to check out our ongoing History of Finance series:
Cardano is entering the age of Voltaire, the age of community governance.
This is going to be a critical development period, which will, in no small part, determine the future of the blockchain.
In this thread, we'll discuss the pitfalls and solutions to governance.
2/ 1st Principles
The problem that governance seeks to solve is what is termed in finance as the "principal-agent problem" (PAP), as in when stakeholders nominate someone to represent them, but they're unsure if the agent will act in the stakeholder's best interests or their own
Blockchain projects have a problem where most business models could never work in the long run, or they're only sustainable with a HUGE volume of users
It's a chicken & egg problem, where you need users to have a good protocol, but you need a good protocol to get users
2/ Token Problem
The way most projects fund themselves is by issuing governance or access tokens, allowing you to affect and use the protocol in some way.
The issue is how do you incentivize early adopters into owning the token that won't have a use until much later, or ever?
A core tenet of traditional financial education is that when you invest, it should be done in businesses that can support their own existence. This has changed in recent decades.
Now, it's about numbers going up at ever higher rates instead of sound fundamentals...
2/ Tech Boom
The problem stems from the 90s tech bubble. All of a sudden you had hyper scalable tech, and it was difficult to value, as the same infrastructure could service a million or a billion users.
Growth, not profitability, became the prime focus.
The philosophy underpinning blockchain is that no person could or should be in power, as this leads to the abuses and oligarchies that we see in our everyday lives.
Instead, every user is given the ability to decide the best course of action for themselves.
2/ The Basics
Cardano is a decentralized network run by computers called "stake pools" that process the transactions. Users can support these stake pools by delegating ADA, and in turn they receive a reward for keeping the network operational. This action is called "staking".
This thread will necessarily talk in vague terms and avoid giving concrete examples, as the goal is to teach financial principles - not to give you an excuse to YOLO your life savings away.
Only ever invest money you can afford to lose. Every trade carries risk.
1/ Intro
A phrase that is often repeated in the crypto world is to "buy the dip". The idea is that if you buy when prices are low, you'll be able to sell high. This is not always the case, you need a strategy to approach buying assets - don't just blindly throw money around.
This event made many investors wonder whether commonly used investing metrics are manipulable. Chief among them is Total-Value-Locked (TVL), which many investors thought was the key to finding valuable protocols in the DeFi space