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Kristoffer Pasion Profile picture
@indiohistorian
Jul 25, 2020 • 8 tweets • 5 min read • Read on X
#TodayinHistory in 1872, Santiago Álvarez, Filipino revolutionary general, patriot, advocate for independence, known as "Kidlat ng Apoy" in the battlefield (Lightning of Fire), is born in Imus, Cavite. (THREAD) #PH #History #Kasaysayan Image
Context: Born in the year when the #GOMBURZA were executed, inflaming the anger of Filipinos towards Spanish rule, Santiago was born to his father Mariano, a general of the #PH Revolution, and Nicolasa Virata. He was the couple's only child.
Mariano, his father, had a fair share of discriminatory treatment from Spaniards. Mariano was accused of being involved in the Cavite Mutiny upon finding in his possession an autographed photo of Fr. Jose Burgos, having been imprisoned but later escaped.
With his father being a member of the #Katipunan and being elected as president of the Magdiwang chapter of the Katipunan at Noveleta, Cavite in 1896, Santiago soon got involved in the Katipunan as well. He was one of the 1st Filipino generals who raised arms vs. Spain.
Santiago proved his valor in the fierce Battle of Binakayan-Dalahican from 9 to 11 Nov 1896, where his forces utterly defeated the Spanish Gov-Gen Ramon Blanco's 3000 troops. It was one of the bloodiest of the battles in the 1st phase of the #PH Revolution, lasting for 36 hours. Image
The events that led to the marginalization of the Magdiwang & the execution of the Bonifacio bros grieved father & son, hence while they supported Aguinaldo, they were not involved in the surrender to Spaniards via the Pact of Biak-na-Bato in Dec. 1897.
Upon the establishment of the American civil gov in #PH in 1901, Santiago, together w/ Pascual Poblete, Lope K. Santos, and Macario Sakay established the Partido Nacionalista, aiming for #PH independence from the United States. The party would soon dominate the #PH Legislature.
Photos:

- Colorized portrait of Santiago Álvarez, by PCDSPO 2010-2016
- Battle of Binakayan Monument, photo from explore.ph

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More from @indiohistorian

Kristoffer Pasion Profile picture
Feb 24, 2023
#TodayinHistory in 1986, Marines broke thru Camp Aguinaldo's east wall, but hesitated due to civilian buffer. Soon, PH Air Force's 15th Strike Wing hovered. Crowd expected an attack but the airmen joined the crowd. Marcos issued kill order but it was not obeyed. THREAD. #EDSA37 Image
Radyo Veritas provided a blow-by-blow account of #EDSA even as its transmission tower was compromised by the PH Constabulary attack, limiting its airing to Luzon. However, a mysterious radio station appeared at 12mn calling itself "Radyo Bandido."
Listeners tuned in, as Radyo Bandido (@DZRJ810AM) station played the Mambo Magsaysay jingle, making people realize that it was really Radyo Veritas gone rogue. soundcloud.com/podcast-ph/cla…
Read 18 tweets
Kristoffer Pasion Profile picture
Feb 23, 2023
I disagree that the return of “holiday economics” is “good.” Holidays of historical significance are important annual markers for everyone— the learned & those who aren’t. Moving the dates arbitrarily dilutes the full meaning of past events that happened in a specific pt in time.
It defeats the purpose of memorialization, especially when an event being commemorated involves a gruesome battle, atrocity, or martyrdom. Moving the commemoration dates are tantamount to disrespect.
It’s this very reason that the late president PNoy restored the national observances during his term, no matter how inconvenient the dates were “economically.”
Read 4 tweets
Kristoffer Pasion Profile picture
Feb 23, 2023
#TodayinHistory in 1986, #Marcos Sr. sent 12 tanks to #EDSA led by Gen. Artemio Tadiar in an attempt to arrest the defectors & disperse the crowd. But the human barricades across the intersection of Ortigas & EDSA forced the marines to pull back. THREAD. #EDSA37 #PH #history
The day prior, as news of Ramos and Enrile’s defection reached Cory Aquino, she was staying for the night in secret at the Carmelite monastery in Cebu. The sisters saw it their moral duty to protect her, w/ conviction that they’re protecting the legitimately elected president.
At dawn, via Radyo Veritas, Enrile & Ramos began calling again for Marcos' ouster. At 5:30am, PH Constabulary attacked Radyo Veritas limiting its airing to Luzon only. A few hours later, men began cutting down trees & used these as barricade on roads near Camps Crame & Aguinaldo.
Read 11 tweets
Kristoffer Pasion Profile picture
Feb 22, 2023
#TodayinHistory in 1986, after a plot to assault Malacañang was foiled, Defense Minister Juan Ponce Enrile & AFP Vice Chief-of-Staff Fidel V. Ramos held a press con announcing defection from Ferdinand Marcos Sr.

Jaime Cardinal Sin urged people to protect them. #EDSA37 #History Image
In 1985, to placate the growing concern of the int'l community on #PH under Marcos, Marcos agreed to a Snap Elections on 7 Feb 1986. Corazon Aquino & Salvador Laurel ran as opposition.
On election day, & days that followed for tally & canvassing of votes, int'l observers note widespread fraud & violence threatening the integrity of the elections. Upon announcement in Batasan that Marcos won, majority of people boycotted crony companies.
Read 13 tweets
Kristoffer Pasion Profile picture
Feb 8, 2023
#TodayinHistory in 1890, poet, nationalist, political thinker, jurist, & statesman, Claro M. Recto, was born in Tiaong, Quezon Province. Recto reshaped modern #PH political thought, pushing for nationalist policies when the U.S. heavily influenced post-war PH affairs. THREAD.
Born to Don Claro Recto Sr. of Rosario Batangas & Doña Micaela Mayo of Lipa, among 5 other siblings, 3 of whom died, Claro lived in a generation of great awakening. In 6 years time after his birth, #PH Revolution vs. Spain broke out.
Recto studied Latin at Instituto de Rizal in Lipa, Batangas from 1900 to 1901 & pursued Bachelor og Arts in 1905 at @ateneodemanilau, achieving the highest grade—maxima cum laude. He pursued Law in 1909 at @UST1611official & wrote for several newspapers to support his education.
Read 12 tweets
Kristoffer Pasion Profile picture
Feb 7, 2023
#TodayinHistory in 1986, the consequential Snap Elections began. The 2 contenders for the presidency were Ferdinand Marcos Sr. & Corazon C. Aquino. It is one of the landmark events that led to the EDSA People Power Revolution 3 weeks later. THREAD. #history #kasaysayan
After the assassination of Ninoy Aquino in 1983, int'l support on Marcos Sr. waned. It was in Nov 1985 that Marcos Sr. was interviewed in the David Brinkley's show & said: "... all these childish claims to popularity on both sides have to be settled, then I think...
"... we better settle it by calling an election... And we will invite the members of the American Congress to please come and see what is happening here. All this talk about fraud... that's sourgrapes."

Corazon Aquino, after much thought and consultation accepted the challenge.
Read 15 tweets

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