The Chinese #economy has basically met expectations in 1H20, even exceeded expectations in some aspects, according to Liu Shijin, Deputy Director of CPPCC’s Economic Affairs Committee: mp.weixin.qq.com/s/ulRTEc0fSdvj… 1/8
Under the stress of the #pandemic, the Chinese economy has shown three features: 1. Export-oriented industries picked up quickly, having achieved positive growth again in June and experienced slight growth in 1H20...2/8
The competitiveness of the Chinese export-oriented companies is evident in their flexibility and resilience in the virus outbreak. However, it remains to be seen whether they can sustain these qualities after Q3...3/8
2. Demands recovered more slowly than supplies, partly because there are more institutions on the supply side while more individuals on the demand side, and under administrative and market forces, institutions usually react faster than individuals and are more policy-driven...4/8
3. The supply side is also getting back on its feet recently, but it’s still uncertain whether it can return to its pre-pandemic level. On 2020 CF40 Annual Conference, former PBC Governor Zhou Xiaochuan quoted the concept of “being digital”...5/8
Liu echoed this by pointing out that the pandemic may have eliminated permanently some of the demands such as those for travels and hotels because people can do a lot of things remotely as the world becomes increasingly digital...6/8
He reminded that Chinese policymakers need to be aware of where the #money goes when making macroeconomic policies. In June, social financing and #M2 both grew at a historical speed, far outpacing the growth in #GDP. It’s hard to withdraw the released liquidities...7/8
Policymakers need to balance mid- & long-term debt repayment problems and preventing against near-term bubbles, and consider the direction of money flows. Funds need to be channeled away from dangerous fields such as real estates and stock market and towards the real economy. 8/8
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According to CF40’s latest macroeconomic quarterly report ‘China's Countercyclical Fiscal Policy and Sustainability of Government Debt’, China has never heavily relied on budgetary spending to provide counter-cyclical stimulus. 1/5
Instead, it mainly adopts a model where local governments, financial institutions and local government financing vehicles work together to boost investment. 2/5
Statistics show that such a model has helped China stabilize its economic growth, but also increased the broad government debt to GDP ratio, raising concerns about the sustainability of government debt. 3/5
China could consider implementing negative individual income tax (IIT) to boost consumption and employment, advises CF40 research department. 1/4
It means that the government provides taxpayers with a certain amount of subsidy when the level of working income is lower than a given threshold. 2/4
A CF40 policy brief proposes a two-pronged policy scheme consisting of rewards and subsidies for businesses adding new jobs on one hand, and negative IIT on the other hand, which could drive spending and employment without causing excessive fiscal expenditure burdens. 3/4
The PBC's "benign neglect," an indirect policy tool devised in 2022 to influence the value of the RMB, was quite successful. It allows the market to determine the exchange rate while retaining capital controls as a last resort.1/5
It should be the most effective currency strategy for China's central bank, said CF40 Advisor Yu Yongding in a recent seminar.2/5
China should maintain a floating exchange rate regime to bring out its role as an automatic stabilizer while maintaining necessary capital control as a last resort.3/5
Despite the shrinking working-age population, there is a tremendous pool of surplus rural labor in China., said Caifang, Chief Expert of National Think Tank of Chinese Academy of Social Sciences. 1/5
Many analysts predict that China will not have a rapid growth rate in the future or emerge as the largest economy in the world because its working-age population and total labor have stopped growing. 2/5
23% of the total labor in China are rural labor. In comparison, the percentage in highincome economies is only 3% or 4%. That means China needs to transfer 20% of its labor from rural to urban industries, which is huge given China’s enormous population. 3/5
#China could consider implementing negative individual income tax (IIT) to boost consumption and employment, suggests CF40 Research Department in a 2022 policy brief ‘Negative Individual Income Tax: Some Thoughts on Policies to Drive Employment and Consumption’. 1/4
It means that the government provides taxpayers with a certain amount of subsidy when the level of working income is lower than a given threshold. 2/4
The policy brief proposes a two-pronged policy scheme consisting of rewards and subsidies for businesses adding new jobs on one hand, and negative IIT on the other hand, which could drive spending and employment without causing excessive fiscal expenditure burdens. 3/4
Given China’s macroeconomic environment in December 2022, the following policies should be taken to boost China’s economic growth and deal with potential risks, said ZHANG Bin, CF40 Nonresident Senior Fellow: 1/5
1. Lower interest rate by 25 bps each time until the employment and growth targets are hit. 2. Issue new types of fiscally subsidized bonds and policy loans to support investment in public goods and quasi-public goods infrastructure projects that feature limited returns.2/4
3. Set up special funds to help market entities battered during the pandemic get back on their feet; increase the amount of living allowance for low-income groups. 3/5