Kristoffer Pasion Profile picture
Aug 30, 2020 10 tweets 5 min read Read on X
#TodayinHistory in 1896, the Battle of San Juan del Monte (Battle of Pinaglabanan), the first battle in #PH Revolution, was waged at an area in San Juan City #PH near old gunpowder depot. The goal was to capture the powder magazine & cut off water pipelines to Manila. (THREAD) Image
As early as January 1892, the underground revolutionary organization, the #Katipunan, was conceptualized. Upon the Spanish order of Rizal's exile to Dapitan in July of that same year, the secret org was formally founded.
Through secret chapters established from Luzon to Visayas & parts of Mindanao, the #Katipunan grew in number, w/ an elaborate cipher for communication, and triangle method recruitment, ensuring the security of the members, should one member implicate the org.
With the Spanish discovery of the Katipunan in 1896, arrests were implemented, & suspects imprisoned at the slightest hint of involvement. Sometime from 23 to 26 (scholars still debate the exact date), Katipuneros commenced an all-out-revolution.
84-year old Melchora Aquino, a benefactor of the Katipunan, was arrested and interrogated the day before the battle was waged. She resolutely never revealed any valuable info on the Katipunan.
Beginning on 29 August (at night), Andres Bonifacio & approx 800 troops from Mandaluyong stormed El Polvorin (gunpowder depot) at San Juan del Monte (today's San Juan City), but failed to capture the area. They fell back to Sta Mesa on 30th, joined by other revolutionaries.
They resumed attack. While Katipuneros outnumbered the Spaniards, they were no match for them, as Katipuneros were only armed mostly w/ bolos, bamboo spears, & a few stolen guns. They suffered heavy casualties (150 killed, 200 captured), w/ arrival of Spanish reinforcements. Image
While the Katipuneros in San Juan del Monte failed to capture the area, coordinated revolts of Katipuneros sprung up in 8 provinces, w/ Spanish Gov-Gen Ramon Blanco declaring Martial Law on these provinces on the same day.

📸: Historical Atlas of the Republic (2016) ImageImage
Photos:

- A portion of "Filipino Struggles Through History" (1968) by National Artist Carlos "Botong" Francisco
- "Spirit of Pinaglabanan" Monument at the Pinaglabanan Memorial Shrine, San Juan City, by sculptor Eduardo Castrillo

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More from @indiohistorian

Feb 24, 2023
#TodayinHistory in 1986, Marines broke thru Camp Aguinaldo's east wall, but hesitated due to civilian buffer. Soon, PH Air Force's 15th Strike Wing hovered. Crowd expected an attack but the airmen joined the crowd. Marcos issued kill order but it was not obeyed. THREAD. #EDSA37 Image
Radyo Veritas provided a blow-by-blow account of #EDSA even as its transmission tower was compromised by the PH Constabulary attack, limiting its airing to Luzon. However, a mysterious radio station appeared at 12mn calling itself "Radyo Bandido."
Listeners tuned in, as Radyo Bandido (@DZRJ810AM) station played the Mambo Magsaysay jingle, making people realize that it was really Radyo Veritas gone rogue. soundcloud.com/podcast-ph/cla…
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Feb 23, 2023
I disagree that the return of “holiday economics” is “good.” Holidays of historical significance are important annual markers for everyone— the learned & those who aren’t. Moving the dates arbitrarily dilutes the full meaning of past events that happened in a specific pt in time.
It defeats the purpose of memorialization, especially when an event being commemorated involves a gruesome battle, atrocity, or martyrdom. Moving the commemoration dates are tantamount to disrespect.
It’s this very reason that the late president PNoy restored the national observances during his term, no matter how inconvenient the dates were “economically.”
Read 4 tweets
Feb 23, 2023
#TodayinHistory in 1986, #Marcos Sr. sent 12 tanks to #EDSA led by Gen. Artemio Tadiar in an attempt to arrest the defectors & disperse the crowd. But the human barricades across the intersection of Ortigas & EDSA forced the marines to pull back. THREAD. #EDSA37 #PH #history
The day prior, as news of Ramos and Enrile’s defection reached Cory Aquino, she was staying for the night in secret at the Carmelite monastery in Cebu. The sisters saw it their moral duty to protect her, w/ conviction that they’re protecting the legitimately elected president.
At dawn, via Radyo Veritas, Enrile & Ramos began calling again for Marcos' ouster. At 5:30am, PH Constabulary attacked Radyo Veritas limiting its airing to Luzon only. A few hours later, men began cutting down trees & used these as barricade on roads near Camps Crame & Aguinaldo.
Read 11 tweets
Feb 22, 2023
#TodayinHistory in 1986, after a plot to assault Malacañang was foiled, Defense Minister Juan Ponce Enrile & AFP Vice Chief-of-Staff Fidel V. Ramos held a press con announcing defection from Ferdinand Marcos Sr.

Jaime Cardinal Sin urged people to protect them. #EDSA37 #History Image
In 1985, to placate the growing concern of the int'l community on #PH under Marcos, Marcos agreed to a Snap Elections on 7 Feb 1986. Corazon Aquino & Salvador Laurel ran as opposition.
On election day, & days that followed for tally & canvassing of votes, int'l observers note widespread fraud & violence threatening the integrity of the elections. Upon announcement in Batasan that Marcos won, majority of people boycotted crony companies.
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Feb 8, 2023
#TodayinHistory in 1890, poet, nationalist, political thinker, jurist, & statesman, Claro M. Recto, was born in Tiaong, Quezon Province. Recto reshaped modern #PH political thought, pushing for nationalist policies when the U.S. heavily influenced post-war PH affairs. THREAD.
Born to Don Claro Recto Sr. of Rosario Batangas & Doña Micaela Mayo of Lipa, among 5 other siblings, 3 of whom died, Claro lived in a generation of great awakening. In 6 years time after his birth, #PH Revolution vs. Spain broke out.
Recto studied Latin at Instituto de Rizal in Lipa, Batangas from 1900 to 1901 & pursued Bachelor og Arts in 1905 at @ateneodemanilau, achieving the highest grade—maxima cum laude. He pursued Law in 1909 at @UST1611official & wrote for several newspapers to support his education.
Read 12 tweets
Feb 7, 2023
#TodayinHistory in 1986, the consequential Snap Elections began. The 2 contenders for the presidency were Ferdinand Marcos Sr. & Corazon C. Aquino. It is one of the landmark events that led to the EDSA People Power Revolution 3 weeks later. THREAD. #history #kasaysayan
After the assassination of Ninoy Aquino in 1983, int'l support on Marcos Sr. waned. It was in Nov 1985 that Marcos Sr. was interviewed in the David Brinkley's show & said: "... all these childish claims to popularity on both sides have to be settled, then I think...
"... we better settle it by calling an election... And we will invite the members of the American Congress to please come and see what is happening here. All this talk about fraud... that's sourgrapes."

Corazon Aquino, after much thought and consultation accepted the challenge.
Read 15 tweets

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