1) Islamic calligraphy is the artistic practice of handwriting and calligraphy, based upon the alphabet in the lands sharing a common Islamic cultural heritage. It includes Arabic, Persian, Ottoman, Afghan, Pakistan and Indian calligraphy...1/3 #Islam#History#art#Quran
2) Islamic calligraphy developed from two major styles: Kufic and Naskh. There are several variations of each, as well as regionally specific styles, for centuries, the art of writing has fulfilled a central iconographic function in Islamic art...2/3 #Islam#History#art#Quran
3) Although the academic tradition of Islamic calligraphy began in Baghdad, the center of the Islamic empire during much of its early history, it eventually spread as far as India and Spain. Coins were another support for calligraphy...3/3 #Islam#History#art#Quran
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1) The Book of Fixed Stars (كتاب صور الكواكب) is an astronomical text written by Abd al-Rahman al-Sufi (Azophi) around 964. The book was written in Arabic, the common language for scholars across the vast Islamic territories, although the author himself was Persian...1/4 #fact
2) Al-Sufi improved upon Ptolemy’s system. Instead of two brightness categories (‘more bright’ and ‘less bright’), Al-Sufi employed three: (‘less’) (‘greater’), and (‘much-greater’). Ihsan Hafez has recorded 132 stars in Al-Sufi’s work not mentioned by Ptolemy..2/4 #science
3) Al-Sufi's results, as in Ptolemy's Almagest, were set out constellation by constellation. For each constellation, he provided two drawings, one from the outside of a celestial globe, and the other from the inside. ..3/4 #astronomie#science#fact#History