I'm going to briefly touch upon one of my favorite subjects: immunological memory. nytimes.com/2020/11/17/hea…
2/ First the B cells: I think for Covid-19 these are the most important to prevent infection and reinfection severity. In this large study on B cell memory, the authors see B cells turning into what we can presume is long-lived memory while continually (for the majorit of people)
3/ shedding Antibodies. Antibody shedding is great because it can control virus that rears its ugly head, and prevent virus from going into a new cell. So that's good. I am worried, though, that there may be cells with a reservoir of competent virus that is influencing this. We
4/ all may have to put our heads together and see if that is the case and how to address that. Cost in addressing this is a matter of efficiency. Now on to the T cells. The T cells contract in the typical manner of other infections, as mentioned in the paper. I did not look so
5/ closely as to ascertain whether the CD8+ Tn compartment is seen contracting with time. I would not want it to, as that would suggest T cell turnover, but I would want to see the effector populations constrict which is what they saw, I believe. These T cells can last a long
6/ time (why they are called memory) but remember, they do not prevent infection, but a memory t cell can kill an infected cell faster than a naive t cell. However, in populational studies, we see that naive t cell presence is correlated with reduced severity. Now for the B and T
7/cells together: looks like the body forms memory to the infection, and antibody levels may knock down virus and T cells may kill infected cells HOWEVER, we need solid control and prevention of transmission so that the virus does not mutate to escape people's immune systems and
8/ thereby reinfect such people despite their memory. So: maintain all the standard precautions DESPITE having positive serology to avoid rechallenge and propagation.
It looks like the central memory subset is going down and the effector memory subset is going up. I wonder what this is consistent with. 
*EMRA is going up
we will see if dr. bertoletti will explain to us
https://twitter.com/fitterhappierAJ/status/1328863289544208385
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