Opening talk @WFPICCS is ‘protective lung ventilation’ by Robinder Khemani

Much data is from the adult ARDSNet work demonstrating 6ml/kg is optimal data for adults

#PedsICU #WFPICCS20
However - limited #PedsICU data for #pARDS and some data suggests higher tidal volumes in children may have better survival.

But this is not an RCT data...and some data shows higher driving pressure is associated with increased mortality...

#WFPICCS20
Should we be using transpulmonary pressure as a measurement rather than driving pressures in #pARDS?

In our unit we don’t measure transpulmonary pressures... but might be worth thinking about

#PedsICU #WFPICCS20 #PedsAnes
What about PEEP?

This matters in ARDS: some phenotypes are PEEP responders & some are not

If you cannot recruitwith #PEEP then you maybe doing harm by keeping it high (from lung damage or haemodynamic compromise)

Personal suggestion: use #POCUS to help recruitment assessment
The conclusions on #PEEP in #pARDS are shown below:

Need to personalise PEEP - and again, lung aeration scores on #POCUS is potentially one means of doing this

#PedsICU #PedsAnes #WFPICCS20
Patients can also worsen or induce their own lung injury... (relevant to those on non-invasive ventilation particularly)

#PedsICU #WFPICCS20
Use of high flow nasal cannulae in #ARDS:
- seems to reduce need for intubation
- improves survival

Perhaps this can be explained by washing out dead space and protecting lungs?

Or is this a self selected group....?

#PedsICU #PedsAnes #WFPICCS20
Robinder Khemani concludes his talk on #pARDS

#PedsICU #WFPICCS20 #PedsAnes

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More from @MJGriksaitis

2 Dec
Sharon Y Irving on ‘early enteral #nutrition: timing is more important than initial volume’

Starting with what is early enteral nutrition... definitions are vague 👇 but generally within 24hrs is recommended

#PedsICU #WFPICCS20 Image
Need to consider the metabolic response of critical illness on #nutrition - this is multi factorial

But it’s key to remember that this response is not predictable, will vary with the illness and hard to assess

#PedsICU #WFPICCS20 Image
The blood flow to the splanchnic & GI tract circulation can be varied during resuscitation and critical illness - all this can lead to impact to the ability to tolerate enteral #nutrition

#PedsICU #WFPICCS20 ImageImage
Read 6 tweets
2 Dec
Suchitra Ranjit discusses multimodal monitoring during #sepsis to help decode the physiological diagnosis and personalise therapy

Opening message is that cardiac output is difficult to assess at the bedside

#PedsICU #WFPICCS20
MAP is often used as a proxy of CO - is this reasonable?

There is not a strong relationship between them in post-cardiac surgical children

#PedsICU #WFPICCS20 Image
What happens when fluid is given in #sepsis?

Again: v weak correlation between CI & MAP

Interestingly almost 50% of patients did not respond to fluid & significant % of patients had a fall in BO/CI!

48% of children needed more inotrope after the fluid

#PedsICU #WFPICCS20 ImageImageImageImage
Read 5 tweets
2 Dec
Hector Wong discusses the clinical application of biomarkers in #sepsis

Starts with how can biomarkers help us...

#PedsICU #WFPICCS20 Image
A great picture showing how the aim of biomarkers is to allow precision medicine - but you need to understand the concept of enrichment first!

#PedsICU #WFPICCS20 #Sepsis ImageImage
The development of AKI is independently associated with morbidity and mortality in #sepsis

Combining this with additional biomarker activity is helpful

#PedsICU #WFPICCS20
Read 5 tweets
2 Dec
Joe Carcillo discusses clinical phenotypes & outcomes of #sepsis

He says mortality was reduced in the emergency department by protocols using early antibiotics/fluids

Yet some children who end up on #PedsICU develop multiorgan failure despite following protocols

#WFPICCS20
Four clinical phenotypes have been associated with progressive multiorgan failure in #sepsis

All of these phenotypes end with macrophage activation syndrome.

Research is going on to target therapies against each phenotype (eg, TAMOF with plasma exchange)

#PedsICU #WFPICCS20 ImageImage
Children can have one or more of these phenotypes and some are more common than others.

This data is important when planning #research trials for targeted #sepsis therapies

But also this data has implications for clinical outcomes...

#PedsICU #WFPICCS20 ImageImage
Read 5 tweets
2 Dec
Steven E. Wolf now talks about #PedsICU #airway #burns

Airway burns is something I always worry about. Looking forward to his insights in this topic

#WFPICCS20 #PedsAnes
Airway probs can occur from:
- direct burns
- inhalation injury (10-20% of all burns pts)
- trauma from other injuries
- 3rd spacing oedema during fluid resuscitation
- long term intubation (eg subglottic stenosis)

#PedsICU #PedsAnes #WFPICCS20
Don’t forget carbon monoxide poisoning in airway burns!

#PedsICU #PedsAnes #WFPICCS20 Image
Read 5 tweets
2 Dec
Prof. Bettina Vom Dessauer now talks about the #burns patient as a critically ill patient with systemic problems.

#PedsICU #WFPICCS20
Outcomes in #burns patient associated with:
- early admission to hospital
- care in a specialised burns unit
- control of infections
- early nutrition

These children are often healthy before the injury and this results in the whole homeostasis being altered

#PedsICU #WFPICCS20 ImageImage
The pathophysiology of #burns patients is multi systemic and occur at a cellular level

What we see clinically is distributive shock.

#PedsICU #WFPICCS20 #physiology ImageImageImageImage
Read 7 tweets

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